冴える

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
冴
さ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
冱える

Etymology

Cognate with 清 (saya) and さやか (sayaka).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「冴える」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		冴える さえる
Imperative (命令形) 冴えろ さえろ
Key constructions
Passive 冴えられる さえられる
Causative 冴えさせる さえさせる
Potential - - -
Volitional 冴えよう さえよー
Negative 冴えない さえない
Negative perfective 冴えなかった さえなかった
Formal 冴えます さえます
Perfective 冴えた さえた
Conjunctive 冴えて さえて
Hypothetical conditional 冴えれば さえれば

Verb

冴(さ)える • (saeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 冴(さ)え (sae), past 冴(さ)えた (saeta))

  1. be clear, vivid
  2. be accomplished, have mastered
  3. be mentally clear, sharp

Conjugation

Conjugation of "冴える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 冴え さえ sae
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 冴え さえ sae
Shūshikei ("terminal") 冴える さえる saeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 冴える さえる saeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 冴えれ さえれ saere
Meireikei ("imperative") 冴えよ¹
冴えろ² 		さえよ¹
さえろ² 		saeyo¹
saero²
Key constructions
Passive 冴えられる さえられる saerareru
Causative 冴えさせる
冴えさす 		さえさせる
さえさす 		saesaseru
saesasu
Potential 冴えられる
冴えれる³ 		さえられる
さえれる³ 		saerareru
saereru³
Volitional 冴えよう さえよう saeyō
Negative 冴えない
冴えぬ
冴えん 		さえない
さえぬ
さえん 		saenai
saenu
saen
Negative continuative 冴えず さえず saezu
Formal 冴えます さえます saemasu
Perfective 冴えた さえた saeta
Conjunctive 冴えて さえて saete
Hypothetical conditional 冴えれば さえれば saereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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