出恭

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Chinese

to go out; to come out; to occur
to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas)
 
 respectful
simp. and trad.
(出恭) 		出 恭

Etymology

From an anti-cheating strategy in the Imperial Examination in ancient China, where candidates were required to hold a card written with the phrase 出恭入敬 (chūgōngrùjìng, “leaving and entering respectfully”) when going to toilet during the examination and return it when they were back so as to prevent them from leaving using such excuse (see 出 (chū), 入 (rù), and 恭敬 (gōngjìng) for detailed meaning).

Pronunciation

Verb

出恭

  1. (euphemistic) to go to the toilet, especially to defecate

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 上廁所 (“to go to the toilet”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 如廁, 上廁所, 出恭
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 上廁所
Harbin 上外頭
Singapore 上廁所
Cantonese Guangzhou 去廁所, 去洗手間
Hong Kong 去廁所, 去洗手間, 去toilet
Kaiping (Chikan) 喊悶
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 去廁所, 去洗手間, 去toilet, 去屎坑 rare, 出恭 rare
Singapore (Guangfu) 去廁所
Hakka Meixian 去廁所
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 去便所
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 去便所
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 去便所
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 去便所
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 去便所
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 去便所
Southern Min Singapore (Hokkien) 去染蠻
Wu Shanghai 去世界盃
Dialectal synonyms of 拉屎 (“to defecate”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 更衣 euphemistic
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 大便, 大解, 排便, 出大恭 euphemistic, 撇條 euphemistic
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 拉屎, 解大手兒, 拉㞎㞎
Taiwan 拉屎, 大便, 便便, 上二號, 上大號
Ulanhot 拉屎, 拉㞎㞎
Tongliao 拉屎, 拉㞎㞎
Chifeng 大便
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 拉屎
Harbin 拉屎, 大便, 解大手兒
Malaysia 拉屎, 大便 childish
Singapore 拉屎, 大便
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 解大手兒, 拉㞎㞎
Jinan 拉屎, 解大手, 大便
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 拉屎
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 屙屎, 解大手兒, 大便
Wanrong 㞎屎
Zhengzhou 屙屎
Xi'an 㞎屎
Xining 大便, 解大手
Xuzhou 屙屎, 解大手, 出大恭
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 㞎屎
Bayanhot 㞎屎, 㞎手, 㞎解
Lanzhou 㞎屎
Ürümqi 㞎屎, 大便, 解大手, 拉㞎㞎 childish
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 屙屎, 解大手
Wuhan 屙㞎㞎, 解大手, 丟堆子 dated, slang
Guiyang 屙屎, 解大手, 解大便, 屙㞎㞎 childish
Kunming 解大手
Guilin 屙㞎
Liuzhou 屙屎, 屙癟, 解大手, 解大便, 大便
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 屙屎, 大解 dated, euphemistic
Yangzhou 屙屎, 出恭, 屙㞎㞎 childish
Nantong 屙屎, 屙㞎, 大解, 解大手 euphemistic
Hefei 屙屎
Huanggang 解大手
Cantonese Guangzhou 屙屎, 屙茄, 大便, 屙扽 dated, 屙唔 childish, 屙唔唔 childish
Hong Kong 屙屎, 屙茄, 大便, 屙大, 屙唔 childish, 屙唔唔 childish, 屙臭臭 childish, 勃勃 childish, 屙勃勃 childish, 屙坺坺 childish, 屙poo poo childish, 開大 slang, 爆石 slang, 擺堆 slang
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 屙屎
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 屙屎
Macau 屙屎, 大便
Guangzhou (Panyu) 屙屎
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 屙屎
Guangzhou (Conghua) 屙屎
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 屙屎
Foshan 屙屎
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 屙屎
Foshan (Shunde) 屙屎
Foshan (Sanshui) 屙屎
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 屙屎
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 屙屎
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 屙屎
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 屙屎
Zhuhai (Doumen) 屙屎, 出恭, 屙茄
Jiangmen (Baisha) 屙屎
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 屙屎
Taishan 屙屎
Kaiping (Chikan) 屙屎
Enping (Niujiang) 屙屎
Heshan (Yayao) 屙屎
Dongguan 屙屎
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 屙屎
Shaoguan 屙屎
Yunfu 屙屎
Yangjiang 屙屎
Xinyi 屙屎
Zhanjiang 擺堆
Lianjiang 屙屎
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屙屎, 炸東京 slang
Ipoh (Guangfu) 屙屎, 爆石, 開大, 交電費
Singapore (Guangfu) 屙屎
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 屙屎
Gan Nanchang 屙屎, 解大手
Lichuan 屙屎
Pingxiang 屙屎, 解大手
Hakka Meixian 屙屎
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 屙屎, 屙茄, 屙不 childish
Changting 屙屎
Yudu 屙屎
Ruijin 屙屎
Shicheng 屙屎
Shangyou (Shexi) 屙屎
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屙屎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 屙屎
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屙屎, 行通
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 屙屎, 行通
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屙屎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 屙屎
Hong Kong 屙屎
Sabah (Longchuan) 屙屎
Senai (Huiyang) 屙屎
Kuching (Hepo) 屙屎
Singkawang 屙屎
Huizhou Jixi 屙屎
Shexian 擦屎
Huangshan (Tunxi) 拉屎
Xiuning 拉屎, 拉五, 上屎缸
Yixian 拉屎
Qimen 屙屎
Wuyuan 放屎, 出恭
Fuliang 屙屎, 放屎
Dexing 屙屎
Shitai (Xianyu) 屙屎
Jin Taiyuan 屙屎
Taibus (Baochang) 屙屎
Linhe 屙屎
Jining 大便
Hohhot 屙屎
Baotou 大便
Dongsheng 拉屎
Haibowan 拉屎
Northern Min Pucheng (Shibei) 拉屎
Eastern Min Fuzhou 拉屎, 大解, 出恭 euphemistic
Fuqing 拉屎
Sitiawan (Gutian) 拉屎
Southern Min Xiamen 放屎, 出恭 euphemistic
Quanzhou 放屎, 出恭 euphemistic
Jinjiang 放屎
Shishi 放屎
Zhangzhou 放屎, 出恭 euphemistic, 應屎 childish
Taipei (Wanhua) 放屎
New Taipei (Tamsui) 放屎
New Taipei (Pingxi) 放屎
Kaohsiung 放屎
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 放屎
Yilan 放屎
Yilan (Toucheng) 放屎
Changhua (Lukang) 放屎
Taichung 放屎
Taichung (Wuqi) 放屎
Tainan 放屎
Taitung 放屎
Hsinchu 放屎
Penghu (Magong) 放屎
Penghu (Xiyu) 放屎
Penang (Hokkien) 放屎
Singapore (Hokkien) 放屎
Manila (Hokkien) 放屎, 大便
Chaozhou 放屎
Shantou 放屎
Shantou (Chaoyang) 放屎
Jieyang 放屎
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 放屎
Singapore (Teochew) 放屎
Leizhou 放屎
Wenchang 放屎
Haikou 放屎, 出恭
Singapore (Hainanese) 放屎
Puxian Min Putian 拉屎
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 拉屎
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 拉屎
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 拉屎
Xianyou 拉屎
Xianyou (Fengting) 拉屎
Xianyou (Youyang) 拉屎
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 拉屎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屙屎
Wu Shanghai 拆惡, 惹惡, 大便, 解大溲, 上馬桶, 辦公 humorous, 跳舞 humorous, 拆惡惡 childish, 惹惡惡 childish, 大溲 dated, 大解 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 射惡
Suzhou 拆惡, 惹惡, 拆屎, 惹屎
Wuxi 屙屎
Danyang 屙屎, 解手, 出恭, 屙恭
Hangzhou 惹惡
Ningbo 惹惡, 大便, 大解
Wenzhou 拉惡
Jinhua 射惡
Xiang Changsha 屙屎, 解大手
Loudi 屙屎, 解大手 euphemistic, 屙㞎㞎 childish
Shuangfeng 屙屎
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