刺促

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Chinese

		thorn; sting; prick thorn; sting; prick; pierce; stab; thrust; assassinate; murder	to hurry; to rush; to hasten to hurry; to rush; to hasten; near; to promote
simp. and trad. (刺促)		刺	促

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qìcù, cìcù

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ ㄘㄨˋ, ㄘˋ ㄘㄨˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qìcù
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄘㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cìcù
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴-tsʻu⁴
  - Yale: chì-tsù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chihtsuh
  - Palladius: цицу (cicu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cìcù
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ㄘㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cìhcù
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ⁴-tsʻu⁴
  - Yale: tsz̀-tsù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyhtsuh
  - Palladius: цыцу (cycu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: tshjek tshjowk

Rime
Character	刺	促
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	七迹切	七玉切
Baxter	tshjek	tshjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiᴇk̚/	/t͡sʰɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɛk̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰiæk̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰiajk̚/	/t͡sʰuawk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiɛk̚/	/t͡sʰiok̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭɛk̚/	/t͡sʰĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ɛk̚/	/t͡sʰi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qi	cu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cik¹	cuk¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰeɡs|sʰeɡ sʰoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刺	刺
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cì	cì
Middle Chinese	‹ tshje^H ›	‹ tshjek ›
Old Chinese	/*ek-s/	/*ek/
English	sharp point, thorn	pierce, stab
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刺	刺	促
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	1746	1780	17927
Phonetic component	朿	朿	足
Rime group	賜	錫	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	刺	皵	促
Old Chinese	/*sʰeɡs/	/*sʰeɡ/	/*sʰoɡ/

Adjective

刺促

(literary) busy
(literary) terrified; uneasy

Synonyms

(busy):

冗忙 (rǒngmáng) (literary)
忙 (máng)
忙忙 (mángmáng) (literary)
忙碌 (mánglù)
煩忙／烦忙 (fánmáng) (literary)
繁忙 (fánmáng)

(terrified):

怖懼／怖惧 (bùjù) (literary)
恐慌 (kǒnghuāng)
恐懼／恐惧 (kǒngjù)
惶恐 (huángkǒng)
慹／𰑔 (zhí)
遑急 (huángjí) (literary)
驚恐／惊恐 (jīngkǒng)
驚惶／惊惶 (jīnghuáng) (literary or Min Nan)
驚慌／惊慌 (jīnghuāng)
驚駭／惊骇 (jīnghài) (literary)

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