加減

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See also: 加减

Chinese

to add; plus
to lower; to decrease; to reduce
to lower; to decrease; to reduce; to subtract; to diminish
 
trad. (加減) 加 減
simp. (加减) 加 减

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 加 減
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 麻 (98) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 古牙切 古斬切
Baxter kae keamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠa/ /kˠɛmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚa/ /kᵚæmX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ka/ /kɐmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨ/ /kəɨmX/
Li
Rong 		/ka/ /kɐmX/
Wang
Li 		/ka/ /kɐmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ka/ /kămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiā jiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaa1 gaam2

Verb

加減

  1. (literal) to increase or decrease; to add or subtract
  2. (figurative) to adjust

Derived terms

Adverb

加減

  1. (Hakka, Hokkien) somewhat; to some extent; more or less
  2. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) casually; carelessly

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (加減):
  • → Japanese: 加(か)減(げん) (kagen)
  • → Korean: 가감(加減) (gagam)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
加 減
か
Grade: 4 		げん
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

加(か)減(げん) • (kagen) 

  1. addition and subtraction
  2. adjustment, moderation
  3. degree, amount (of seasoning, heating, etc.)
    さじ加減(かげん)を知(し)らない。
    Saji kagen o shiranai.
    They do not know the right number of spoonfuls.
  4. physical condition, how one is feeling

Derived terms

Suffix

加(か)減(げん) • (-kagen) 

  1. the degree of
  2. to that degree
  3. just right
    入(はい)り加減(かげん)の湯(ゆ)
    hairi kagen no yu
    bathwater that's just right to enter

Verb

加(か)減(げん)する • (kagen suru) transitive suru (stem 加(か)減(げん)し (kagen shi), past 加(か)減(げん)した (kagen shita))

  1. adjust, make an allowance

Conjugation

Conjugation of "加減する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 加減し かげんし kagen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 加減し かげんし kagen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 加減する かげんする kagen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 加減する かげんする kagen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 加減すれ かげんすれ kagen sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 加減せよ¹
加減しろ² 		かげんせよ¹
かげんしろ² 		kagen seyo¹
kagen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 加減される かげんされる kagen sareru
Causative 加減させる
加減さす 		かげんさせる
かげんさす 		kagen saseru
kagen sasu
Potential 加減できる かげんできる kagen dekiru
Volitional 加減しよう かげんしよう kagen shiyō
Negative 加減しない かげんしない kagen shinai
Negative continuative 加減せず かげんせず kagen sezu
Formal 加減します かげんします kagen shimasu
Perfective 加減した かげんした kagen shita
Conjunctive 加減して かげんして kagen shite
Hypothetical conditional 加減すれば かげんすれば kagen sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
  1. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
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