包める

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
包
くる
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

Verb

包(くる)める • (kurumeru) transitive ichidan (stem 包(くる)め (kurume), past 包(くる)めた (kurumeta))

Japanese verb pair
active 包(くる)める
mediopassive 包(くる)まる
  1. to pack up
    荷(に)物(もつ)を一(ひと)つに包(くる)める
    nimotsu o hitotsu ni kurumeru
    to pack up the baggage into one bag
  2. to wrap
    毛布(もうふ)でからだを包(くる)める
    mōfu de karada o kurumeru
    to wrap the body with a blanket
  3. to fool or deceive someone by rhetoric
    うまうまと包(くる)められる
    umauma to kurumerareru
    to get deceived easily

Conjugation

Conjugation of "包める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 包め くるめ kurume
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 包め くるめ kurume
Shūshikei ("terminal") 包める くるめる kurumeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 包める くるめる kurumeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 包めれ くるめれ kurumere
Meireikei ("imperative") 包めよ¹
包めろ² 		くるめよ¹
くるめろ² 		kurumeyo¹
kurumero²
Key constructions
Passive 包められる くるめられる kurumerareru
Causative 包めさせる
包めさす 		くるめさせる
くるめさす 		kurumesaseru
kurumesasu
Potential 包められる
包めれる³ 		くるめられる
くるめれる³ 		kurumerareru
kurumereru³
Volitional 包めよう くるめよう kurumeyō
Negative 包めない
包めぬ
包めん 		くるめない
くるめぬ
くるめん 		kurumenai
kurumenu
kurumen
Negative continuative 包めず くるめず kurumezu
Formal 包めます くるめます kurumemasu
Perfective 包めた くるめた kurumeta
Conjunctive 包めて くるめて kurumete
Hypothetical conditional 包めれば くるめれば kurumereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Classical conjugation of "包む" (マ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 包め くるめ kurume
Continuative (連用形) 包め くるめ kurume
Terminal (終止形) 包む くるむ kurumu
Attributive (連体形) 包むる くるむる kurumuru
Realis (已然形) 包むれ くるむれ kurumure
Imperative (命令形) 包めよ くるめよ kurumeyo
Key constructions
Negative 包めず くるめず kurumezu
Contrasting conjunction 包むれど くるむれど kurumuredo
Causal conjunction 包むれば くるむれば kurumureba
Conditional conjunction 包めば くるめば kurumeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 包めき くるめき kurumeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 包めけり くるめけり kurumekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 包めつ くるめつ kurumetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 包めぬ くるめぬ kurumenu
Perfect-continuative tense 包めたり くるめたり kurumetari
Volitional 包めむ くるめむ kurumemu

References

  1. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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