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千 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
千 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
千 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
千 you have here. The definition of the word
千 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
千 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order
Han character
千 (Kangxi radical 24, 十 +1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 竹十 (HJ ), four-corner 20400 , composition ⿱丿 十 )
Derived characters
Descendants
Further reading
Kangxi Dictionary: page 155 , character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2697
Dae Jaweon: page 351, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 59, character 1
Unihan data for U+5343
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
千
*sn̥ʰiːn
仟
*sn̥ʰiːn
芊
*sn̥ʰiːn, *sn̥ʰiːns
阡
*sn̥ʰiːn
汘
*sn̥ʰiːn
迁
*sn̥ʰiːn
杄
*sn̥ʰiːn
人
*njin
仁
*njin
朲
*njin
佞
*neːŋs
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *sn̥ʰiːn ) : semantic 一 ( “ one, signifying a number ” ) + phonetic 人 ( OC *njin) . The Old Chinese pronunciations of 千 (OC *sn̥ʰiːn ) and 人 (OC *njin ) were similar. For the component 人 , compare its combining form 亻 .
The traditional explanation holds that the extra line indicates an extension (see the etymologies of 年 and 延 ). 千 has the meaning one thousand because one thousand is a number that is reached by extending one's counting.
Etymology 1
Unclear. Schuessler (2007) notes similar forms in Mon-Khmer , though their initials and finals do not match Old Chinese ; compare Vietnamese nghìn and Old Mon lṅim (whence Mon လ္ၚီ ( ŋìm ) ), all meaning "thousand". Also compare Proto-Hlai *C-ŋin .
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : qiān (qian1 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄑㄧㄢ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : qian1
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : чян (či͡an, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : cin1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : ten1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : qien1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : chhiên
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : qiên1
Jin (Wiktionary ) : qie1
Northern Min (KCR ) : cháing
Eastern Min (BUC ) : chiĕng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : chheng / chhuiⁿ / chhaiⁿ / chheeng / chhan / chhian
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : coin1 / cain1
Wu (Wugniu )
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : cienn1
Mandarin
Cantonese
Gan
Hakka
Jin
Northern Min
Eastern Min
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese , Penang , Singapore )
(Hokkien : Anxi , Quanzhou )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Anxi , Tong'an , Kinmen )
(Hokkien : Zhao'an )
(Hokkien : Zhangzhou )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese )
Note :
cain1 - Huilai, Jieyang, Chaoyang;
coin1 - other places.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
千
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
qiān
Middle Chinese
‹ tshen ›
Old Chinese
/*s.n̥ˁi/
English
thousand
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
千
Reading #
1/1
No.
10792
Phonetic component
人
Rime group
眞
Rime subdivision
1
Corresponding MC rime
千
Old Chinese
/*sn̥ʰiːn/
Notes
小 徐 人 聲 ,甲 文 乃 借 人 加 一
Definitions
千
thousand
幾 千 / 几 千 ― jǐ qiān ― several thousand
many ; numerous
千 山萬水/ 千 山万水 ― qiān shānwànshuǐ ― many rivers and mountains
( Cantonese ) to swindle ; to defraud
See also
Compounds
Descendants
Others :
→ Zhuang: cien ( “ thousand ” )
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 千 – see 韆 (“swing ”). (This character is the simplified form of 韆 ).Notes:
Further reading
Japanese
Kanji
千
(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji )
Readings
Compounds
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 千 (MC tshen ).
Pronunciation
Numeral
千( せん ) • (sen )
a thousand , 1000
Derived terms
Idioms
Affix
千( せん ) • (sen )
thousand
( by extension ) very large number
Derived terms
Proper noun
千( せん ) • (Sen )
a surname , especially from the line of tea ceremony masters
Etymology 2
⟨ti⟩ → /t͡ɕi/
From Old Japanese .
Pronunciation
Numeral
千( ち ) • (chi )
a thousand , 1000
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
References
↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō : Sanseidō , →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tōkyō : NHK Publishing , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 千 (MC tshen ).
Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun , 1448
쳔 (Yale : chyèn )
Middle Korean
Text
Eumhun
Gloss (hun )
Reading
Hunmong Jahoe , 1527
즈〮믄〮 (Yale : cúmún )
쳔 (Yale : chyèn )
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
千 (eumhun 일천(一千) 천 ( ilcheon cheon ) )
Hanja form? of 천 ( “ thousand ” ) .
Compounds
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Old Japanese
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium .)
Numeral
千 (ti ) (kana ち )
a thousand , 1000
, text here
百爾千 爾人者雖言月草之 移情吾將持八方 momo ni ti ni pi1 to2 pa ipu to2 mo tuki2 kusa no2 uturo2 pu ko2 ko2 ro2 ware motame2 ya mo (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Derived terms
千秋 ( tiaki1 )
千名 ( tina )
千代 ( tiyo2 )
千萬 ( tiyo2 ro2 du )
Descendants
Vietnamese
Han character
千 : Hán Việt readings: thiên (倉 ( thương ) 先 ( tiên ) 切 ( thiết ) )
千 : Nôm readings: thiên , xiên
chữ Hán form of thiên ( “ thousand ” ) .
Compounds
References