叔母
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Chinese
| uncle in direct address | female; mother | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (叔母) |
叔 | 母 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ ㄇㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shumǔ
- Wade–Giles: shu1-mu3
- Yale: shū-mǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shumuu
- Palladius: шуму (šumu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ ㄇㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shúmǔ
- Wade–Giles: shu2-mu3
- Yale: shú-mǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwumuu
- Palladius: шуму (šumu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: suk1 mou5
- Yale: sūk móuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: suk7 mou5
- Guangdong Romanization: sug1 mou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /sʊk̚⁵ mou̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
叔母
- paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 嬸母 (“paternal aunt (wife of father's younger brother)”)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 叔 | 母 |
| Grade: S | Grade: 2 |
| irregular | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 伯母 小母 姨 |
Etymology
From Old Japanese. Attested in a text from 701. In turn, reconstructed as descending from Proto-Japonic *wonpa.
Likely a compound of 小 (o-, “small, young”) + 母 (ha, “mother”). Compare 叔父 (oji, “grandfather”), also likely from 小 (o-) + 父 (chi, “father”).
Pronunciation
Noun
- aunt (younger than one’s parent)
- a prostitute
- (slang, used by criminals) prison guard
Usage notes
- This term is spelled in hiragana when referring to non-age-specific relatives.
Coordinate terms
- 伯母 (oba): aunt (older than one’s parent)
- 叔父 (oji): uncle (younger than one’s parent)
- 伯父 (oji): uncle (older than one’s parent)
Related terms
- 伯母 (oba): aunt (older than one’s parent)
- おばさん (obasan): aunt (polite)
- 小母さん (obasan): lady, old lady, ma'am
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “お‐ば［を‥］ 【伯母・叔母・小母・姨】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)
(in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ^ “お‐じ［をぢ］ 【爺・伯父・叔父・小父】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
