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U+53EA, 只
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53EA

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 30, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口金 (RC), four-corner 60800, composition )

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №49

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 172, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3239
  • Dae Jaweon: page 383, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 570, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+53EA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形): airflow coming out of a mouth () – a modal particle.

Etymology 1

trad. /*/*/*
simp.
alternative forms

Schuessler (2007) suggests that it is possibly Sino-Tibetan, relating it to Kamarupan ke, kʰe (one), which are perhaps related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kjaŋ (single), whence Tibetan རྐྱང (rkyang, single), Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:, single) and Burmese ချည်း (hkyany:, alone,only, just).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕie/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 17304
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*klje/

Definitions

  1. only; just; simply; merely
      ―  zhǐ qù guò yī cì.  ―  I've only been there once.
    一點兒胡椒粉 [MSC, trad.]
    一点儿胡椒粉 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāng lǐ zhǐ fàng le yīdiǎnr hújiāofěn.
    There was just a hint of pepper in the soup.
    一日到夜曉得事體會得 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    一日到夜晓得事体会得 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    7iq-gniq-tau-ya 7tseq 5shiau-teq 7chiq 7chiq 7chiq 6zy-thi-meq 7iq-nge 6gha 8veq-ue-teq 5tsu [Wugniu]
    The only thing do all day is eat, and yet you do nothing important.
  2. originally; at first

Synonyms

  • (only):

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
alternative forms Min
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to (zhè), ()?”

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2

Definitions

  1. (literary or Min) this
Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 17307
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kljeʔ/

Definitions

  1. A modal particle.

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. to do

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Related to (zhe)?”

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Progressive particle, akin to (zhe).

Etymology 6

simp. and trad.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (23)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ciə̆X/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕieX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 17307
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kljeʔ/

Definitions

  1. a surname

Etymology 7

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“one bird; single; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 8

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight cun/tsun; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. only
  2. simply
  3. just

Readings

Definitions

Kanji in this term
ただ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
ただタダ
, : ordinary, common, nothing special
: free of charge, free
Alternative spelling
ただ
, : ordinary, simple
, : nothing
, , : merely, commonly, simply, only
, , : but, however, although, except that
Alternative spellings
, ,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

(eum (ji))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Korean

Pronunciation

Conventionally reconstructed as *-k, after the Middle Korean reflexes.

Etymology 1

Phonogram

(*-k)

  1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-k.

Etymology 2

Particle

(*-k)

  1. An emphatic particle attached to the connective form of verbs.
Descendants
  • Middle Korean: (-k)

Etymology 3

Verb

(*ki-)

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. It usually appears after other verbs, taking the honorific suffix (*-si), and appears to be some kind of auxiliary. It has no known Middle Korean reflex. Nam Pung-hyeon speculates whether it might be connected to or be a variant of (*KYE-).

References

  • 남풍현 (2004), “시상의 조동사 '在/𠂇/겨'의 발달' [The development of the aspectual auxiliary kye-]”, in Gugeo gukmunhak, volume 138, pages 5—34
  • 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) et al. (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 411—549

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ, chích

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.