合う

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
合
あ
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *apu. Compare 会(あ)う (au).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「合う」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		合う あう
Imperative (命令形) 合え あえ
Key constructions
Passive 合われる あわれる
Causative 合わせる あわせる
Potential - - -
Volitional 合おう あおー
Negative 合わない あわない
Negative perfective 合わなかった あわなかった
Formal 合います あいます
Perfective 合った あった
Conjunctive 合って あって
Hypothetical conditional 合えば あえば

Verb

合(あ)う • (au) ←あふ (afu)?intransitive godan (stem 合(あ)い (ai), past 合(あ)った (atta))

  1. to match; to fit; to agree
    イメージに合(あ)わない
    imēji ni awanai
    does not match with one's personal image
    中(ちゅう)華(か)料(りょう)理(り)に合(あ)うデザート
    chūka ryōri ni au dezāto
    dessert that pairs with Chinese food
    人(ひと)と話(はなし)が合(あ)う
    hito to hanashi ga au
    to be on the same wavelength with someone
    (literally, “the conversation with someone corresponds”)
    靴(くつ)のサイズが合(あ)わない
    kutsu no saizu ga awanai
    shoes are the wrong size
  2. to be proper
    合(あ)ってる
    atteru
    That's correct.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "合う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 合わ あわ awa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 合い あい ai
Shūshikei ("terminal") 合う あう au
Rentaikei ("attributive") 合う あう au
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 合え あえ ae
Meireikei ("imperative") 合え あえ ae
Key constructions
Passive 合われる あわれる awareru
Causative 合わせる
合わす 		あわせる
あわす 		awaseru
awasu
Potential 合える あえる aeru
Volitional 合おう あおう aō
Negative 合わない あわない awanai
Negative continuative 合わず あわず awazu
Formal 合います あいます aimasu
Perfective 合った あった atta
Conjunctive 合って あって atte
Hypothetical conditional 合えば あえば aeba
Classical conjugation of "合ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 合は あは afa
Continuative (連用形) 合ひ あひ afi
Terminal (終止形) 合ふ あふ afu
Attributive (連体形) 合ふ あふ afu
Realis (已然形) 合へ あへ afe
Imperative (命令形) 合へ あへ afe
Key constructions
Negative 合はず あはず afazu
Contrasting conjunction 合へど あへど afedo
Causal conjunction 合へば あへば afeba
Conditional conjunction 合はば あはば afaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 合ひき あひき afiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 合ひけり あひけり afikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 合ひつ あひつ afitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 合ひぬ あひぬ afinu
Perfect-continuative tense 合へり
合ひたり		 あへり
あひたり		 aferi
afitari
Volitional 合はむ あはむ afamu

Synonyms

See also

Suffix

合(あ)う • (-au) ←あふ (-afu)?godan (stem 合(あ)い (-ai), past 合(あ)った (-atta))

  1. (suffix) together; with each other
    誓(ちか)い合(あ)う
    chikaiau
    to promise to each other
    見(み)つめあう
    mitsumeau
    to stare into each other's eyes
    通(つう)じ合(あ)う
    tsūjiau
    to be reciprocally understood

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “あ・う［あふ］ 【合・会・逢・遭】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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