吐く

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
吐
は
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "吐く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		吐く は​く
Imperative (命令形) 吐け は​け
Key constructions
Passive 吐かれる はかれ​る
Causative 吐かせる はかせ​る
Potential 吐ける はけ​る
Volitional 吐こう はこ​ー
Negative 吐かない はか​ない
Negative perfective 吐かなかった はか​なかった
Formal 吐きます はきま​す
Perfective 吐いた は​いた
Conjunctive 吐いて は​いて
Hypothetical conditional 吐けば は​けば

Verb

吐(は)く • (haku) godan (stem 吐(は)き (haki), past 吐(は)いた (haita))

  1. spew, spit out, to breathe in or out
  2. vomit, throw up
  3. belch, emit
  4. speak, utter
    • 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here):
      邂逅(かいこう)する毎(ごと)に彼(かれ)は車(くるま)屋(や)相当(そうとう)の気(き)焔(えん)を吐(は)く。
      Kaikō suru-goto ni kare wa kurumaya sōtō no kien o haku.
      Whenever I ran into him, he would brag about the cartwright to no end.
  5. confess
Conjugation
Conjugation of "吐く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 吐か はか haka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 吐き はき haki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 吐く はく haku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 吐く はく haku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 吐け はけ hake
Meireikei ("imperative") 吐け はけ hake
Key constructions
Passive 吐かれる はかれる hakareru
Causative 吐かせる
吐かす 		はかせる
はかす 		hakaseru
hakasu
Potential 吐ける はける hakeru
Volitional 吐こう はこう hakō
Negative 吐かない はかない hakanai
Negative continuative 吐かず はかず hakazu
Formal 吐きます はきます hakimasu
Perfective 吐いた はいた haita
Conjunctive 吐いて はいて haite
Hypothetical conditional 吐けば はけば hakeba
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
吐
つ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Cognate with 突(つ)く (tsuku).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "吐く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		吐く つ​く
Imperative (命令形) 吐け つ​け
Key constructions
Passive 吐かれる つかれ​る
Causative 吐かせる つかせ​る
Potential 吐ける つけ​る
Volitional 吐こう つこ​ー
Negative 吐かない つか​ない
Negative perfective 吐かなかった つか​なかった
Formal 吐きます つきま​す
Perfective 吐いた つ​いた
Conjunctive 吐いて つ​いて
Hypothetical conditional 吐けば つ​けば

Verb

吐(つ)く • (tsuku) transitive godan (stem 吐(つ)き (tsuki), past 吐(つ)いた (tsuita))

  1. to breathe
  2. to say (something bad)
  3. to vomit
Conjugation
Conjugation of "吐く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 吐か つか tsuka
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 吐き つき tsuki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 吐く つく tsuku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 吐く つく tsuku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 吐け つけ tsuke
Meireikei ("imperative") 吐け つけ tsuke
Key constructions
Passive 吐かれる つかれる tsukareru
Causative 吐かせる
吐かす 		つかせる
つかす 		tsukaseru
tsukasu
Potential 吐ける つける tsukeru
Volitional 吐こう つこう tsukō
Negative 吐かない つかない tsukanai
Negative continuative 吐かず つかず tsukazu
Formal 吐きます つきます tsukimasu
Perfective 吐いた ついた tsuita
Conjunctive 吐いて ついて tsuite
Hypothetical conditional 吐けば つけば tsukeba
Derived terms
  1. 嘘(うそ)を吐(つ)く (uso o tsuku, “tell lies”)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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