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U+54B3, 咳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54B3

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 30, +6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口卜女人 (RYVO), four-corner 60082, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 187, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3555
  • Dae Jaweon: page 406, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 622, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+54B3

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː) : semantic + phonetic (OC *ɡɯːʔ).

Pronunciation 1

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Note: koi3 - rare variant.
Note:
  • kai - literary;
  • ka - vernacular.
Note:
  • hai6 - literary;
  • ga1 - vernacular.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (41)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter hoj
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦʌi/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦəi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɒi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦəj/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣᴀi/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɒi/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑ̆i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    hái
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hoi4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    kài
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ khojH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kʰˁək-s/
    English cough

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions

    1. to cough
      辛苦 [Cantonese]  ―  kat1 dou3 hou2 san1 fu2   ―  painfully cough
        ―  chū yī kǒu xiě lái  ―  to cough up a mouthful of blood
    2. cough
    Synonyms

    Compounds

    Pronunciation 2

    simp. and trad.
    alternative forms

    Definitions

    1. Used to express sorrow, remorse, or surprise.

    Compounds

    Pronunciation 3

    simp. and trad.


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (41)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter hoj
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦʌi/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦəi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɒi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦəj/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣᴀi/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɒi/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑ̆i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    hái
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hoi4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 4825
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡɯː/

    Definitions

    1. (of infant) to laugh; to cackle
    2. Alternative form of (hái, child; infant)
    3. interjection for sighing or order
    4. Alternative form of (to be cut off from)

    Pronunciation 4

    simp. and trad.

    Definitions

    1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 㩿 (kak1) (Used in 甩咳.)

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    Readings

    Etymology

    Kanji in this term
    せき
    Hyōgai
    kun'yomi

    From the (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb せく (to cough).[1] Cognate with (seki, dam).[2][3][4]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (せき) (seki

    1. a cough
      (せき)()seki ga deruI have a cough.

    References

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    4. 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

    Korean

    Hanja

    (hae) (hangeul )

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Tày

    Particle

    (hợi, ới)

    1. Nôm form of hợi.
      勸𪫆对珠斋𱻰
      Khuyên mừa đuổi chua tai hợi nhỉ
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    2. Nôm form of ới.
      各𫰇各娘
      Các noọng ới các nàng
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    Verb

    (cài)

    1. Nôm form of cài (to spit out).
      𥃸欣𮓳𱐍槣𢫕芭
      𲄝烺咟䋡删㹰
      Tha hăn mọn giú ký vẻng bâư
      Đang lương pác gài giầư san quéng
      The silkworm was seen done with leaves on the shelves,
      Its body yellow and its mouth spitting out silk to build a cocoon

    References

    • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: cay, hãy, hỡi, khái, gay, gây

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References