哈

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

哈 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口人一口 (ROMR), four-corner 6806₁, composition ⿰口合)

Derived characters

• 𫽞, 𭌸

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 189, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3594
• Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 619, character 5
• Unihan data for U+54C8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋɡuːb) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. ^‡ (of fish) many; plenteous
2. ^‡ (of a fish's mouth) opening; moving
3. ^† mouthful; sip

   • 臾兒、易牙，淄、澠之水合者，嘗一哈水而甘苦知矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     臾儿、易牙，淄、渑之水合者，尝一哈水而甘苦知矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE

     Yú'ér, Yìyá, Zī, Miǎn zhī shuǐ hé zhě, cháng yī hā shuǐ ér gān kǔ zhī yǐ.

     After mixing the water from the Zi and Mian Rivers, Yu'er and Yiya can take a sip of the water and distinguish by sweetness and bitterness.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. (onomatopoeia) sound of laughter: ha
2. exclamation of triumph, etc.: ha!
3. (dialectal) Sentence-final particle softening the request.

   • 「永霞、永霞！出來哈，北京爺爺來家裡頭看你來嘍！」 [MSC, trad.]
     「永霞、永霞！出来哈，北京爷爷来家里头看你来喽！」 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2019 January 15, 刘辉, 留守的童年 缺席的爱, in 《北京青年报》, page B4

     “Yǒngxiá, Yǒngxiá! Chūlái hā, Běijīng yéye lái jiā lǐtou kàn nǐ lái lou!”

     Yongxia, Yongxia! Come on out! Beijing grandpa came home to see you!

   • 這東西，對我們挺重要，拜託你快遞寄過來哈，郵資「到付」，謝謝謝謝！ [MSC, trad.]
     这东西，对我们挺重要，拜托你快递寄过来哈，邮资「到付」，谢谢谢谢！ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2019 September 19, 刘毅, 别样的风景, in 《乌蒙新报》, page B04

     Zhè dōngxi, duì wǒmen tǐng zhòngyào, bàituō nǐ kuàidì jì guòlai hā, yóuzī “dàofù”, xièxie xièxie!

     This thing is pretty important to us. Please send it over by courier, and we'll pay for it upon arrival. Thank you!

   • 「文大爺，你家的低保已經落實了，放心哈！」 [MSC, trad.]
     「文大爷，你家的低保已经落实了，放心哈！」 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2020 July 21, 李鹏, 驻村帮扶用真情 助力脱贫见成效 第一书记罗成：用实干赢得百姓赞誉, in 《彭水日报》, page 3

     “Wén dàye, nǐ jiā de dībǎo yǐjīng luòshí le, fàngxīn hā!”

     "Uncle Wen, your minimum social security benefits have been put into effect. Don't worry!"

4. to breathe out
5. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink
   1. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to drink alcohol
   2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink tea

      • 若沒飲酒，咱嘛來哈茶。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
        若没饮酒，咱嘛来哈茶。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

        From: 2007, 張秀卿 (Chang Hsiu Ching), 加油 (Gan Ba-De)

        Nā bô lim chiú, lán mā lâi ha tê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

        If we don't drink alcohol, let's still drink some tea.

6. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to exhale hot air to keep oneself warm
7. Short for 哈薩克斯坦／哈萨克斯坦 (Hāsàkèsītǎn, “Kazakhstan”).
8. Short for 哈爾濱／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

Compounds

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Interjection

哈

1. (Hokkien) Used to indicate confusion or pondering when the speaker did not hear or comprehend clearly: huh; hmm; what; pardon?; what did (they/you/he/she) say?

   哈，啥物？ [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

   Hâⁿ, siáⁿ-mi̍h? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   Huh, what?

2. (Hokkien) Used to express doubt or disbelief: huh?; hmm?; what?; oh?; what do you mean?
3. (Hokkien) Used to express subtle surprise or amusement/astonishment: huh!; oh!; what!
4. (Taiwanese Hokkien) Used to express consent or agreement or approval: huh ok; oh alright; yeah; sure; ah yes

Usage notes

• When the vowel phoneme is pronounced lengthily, it usually means that the speaker is expressing either their great displeasure, great surprise, great disregard, great level of difficulty in hearing, or unwillingness to listen.

Synonyms

• 啊 (a / ah / --a / --ah)
• 唅 (--hahⁿ)
• 蛤 (há)

Derived terms

Descendants

• →? English: har (Manglish & Singlish)
• →? Taiwanese Mandarin: 蛤 (há)
• →? Tagalog: ha

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) to bend; to stoop

Compounds

Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 喝?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. (Beijing Mandarin) to scold; to reprimand

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Only used in 哈巴 (hǎba, “Pekingese; pug”).

Compounds

Etymology 7

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 哈姓

For Hui people, the surname is the initialism of several Arabic names, such as حَسَن (ḥasan).

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. a surname (mainly among Hui people)

Etymology 8

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

Etymology 9

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Only used in 哈喇 (hāla).

Compounds

Etymology 10

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 憨?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. (Southwestern Mandarin, Xiang) silly; stupid

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 11

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. (Southwestern Mandarin) to tickle

Etymology 12

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Only used in 哈士蟆 (hàshimá).

Etymology 13

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Only used in 哈巴 (hàba).

Etymology 14

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Alternative form of 喝 (“to drink”)
2. Alternative form of 呷

Etymology 15

Pronunciation

Definitions

哈

1. Used in place names.

Compounds

Etymology 16

Mostly likely Sinitic, but the exact etymon is disputed. Possible etyma include:

• Pause/topic/focus marker 呵, 啊 (Dede, 2007; Xu, 2015, 2021);
• Accusative/dative marker 行 attested in the Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty (Du, 2005), which may come from the locative 上 (“on; above”) (Jiang, 1998); or
• Locative 下 (“below”) (Yang, 2014; Zhou, 2019).

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Definitions

哈

1. (Gansu and Qinghai Mandarin) Accusative/dative marker, placed after a preverbal object.
   • 1980, 张成材, “西宁方言记略”, in 方言 [Fangyan], number 4, page 301:

     我嘴笨，他哈说不过。 [Xining Mandarin, simp.]
     我嘴笨，他哈說不過。 [Xining Mandarin, trad.]

     I can't speak well; I can't argue over him/her.

   • 2011, 王双成 [Wang Shuangcheng], “青海西宁方言的给予类双及物结构 [The Giving-type Ditransitive Constructions in Xining Dialect, Qinghai Province]”, in 方言 [Fangyan], number 1, page 14:

     哥哥兄弟哈给掉了个本子。 [Xining Mandarin, simp.]
     哥哥兄弟哈給掉了個本子。 [Xining Mandarin, trad.]

     The elder brother gave the younger brother a notebook.

Etymology 17

Etymology 18

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00577
• “哈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Embree, Bernard L.M. (1973) “hâⁿ”, in A Dictionary of Southern Min (overall work in Hokkien, English, and Mandarin), Hong Kong: Hong Kong Language Institute, page 76.
• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “唯”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 510
• 東方孝義 (TŌHŌ Takayoshi) (1931) “☐”, in 臺日新辭書 [New Taiwanese–Japanese dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: 臺灣警察協會, page 692
• William Campbell (1913) “hâⁿ”, in A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 156.
• Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “hâⁿ”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 115; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 115

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: か (ka); こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}; ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}; しょう (shō)^{←せふ (sefu, historical)}; とう (tō)^{←とふ (tofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: か (ka); こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}; ごう (gō)^{←がふ (gafu, historical)}; そう (sō)^{←さふ (safu, historical)}; とう (tō)^{←たふ (tafu, historical)}
• Tō-on: は (ha)
• Kun: くう (kuu, 哈う); すする (susuru, 哈る); のむ (nomu, 哈む)
• Nanori: は (ha)

References

• “哈” in: 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

Korean

Hanja

哈 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

哈: Hán Nôm readings: cáp, hóp, hộp, ngáp, họp, hớp, ngớp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang

Verb

哈

1. Sawndip form of haep

References

• 古壮字字典 (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN, page 238