善賈

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Chinese

		good	merchant; to buy
trad. (善賈)		善	賈
simp. (善贾)		善	贾

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàngǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ ㄍㄨˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàngǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄍㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàngǔ
  - Wade–Giles: shan⁴-ku³
  - Yale: shàn-gǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shannguu
  - Palladius: шаньгу (šanʹgu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Middle Chinese: dzyenX kuX

Rime
Character	善	賈
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	常演切	公戸切
Baxter	dzyenX	kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇn^X/	/kuo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛn^X/	/kuo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæn^X/	/ko^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑian^X/	/kɔ^X/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛn^X/	/ko^X/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛn^X/	/ku^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛn^X/	/kuo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàn	gǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sin⁶	gu²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*eʔ C.qˤaʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡjenʔ klaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	善	賈
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shàn	gǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyen^X ›	‹ ku^X ›
Old Chinese	/*eʔ/	/*C.qˁaʔ/
English	good	merchant; do business
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	善	賈
Reading #	1/1	3/3
No.	11084	14205
Phonetic component	善	襾
Rime group	元	魚
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	善	古
Old Chinese	/*ɡjenʔ/	/*klaːʔ/

Verb

善賈

(literary) to be good at business; to be good for business
- 鄙諺曰：「長袖善舞，多錢善賈。」此言多資之易為工也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  鄙谚曰：「长袖善舞，多钱善贾。」此言多资之易为工也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE
  Bǐyàn yuē: “Cháng xiù shàn wǔ, duō qián shàngǔ.” Cǐ yán duō zī zhī yì wéi gōng yě.
  There is a proverb that goes: "long sleeves make a good dance; much money makes a good business." In other words, the better the material conditions, the easier it is to do things.

Noun

善賈

(literary) someone who is good at doing business

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shànjià

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shànjià
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shànjià
  - Wade–Giles: shan⁴-chia⁴
  - Yale: shàn-jyà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shannjiah
  - Palladius: шаньцзя (šanʹczja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*eʔ C.qˤ<r>aʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡjenʔ kraːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	善	賈
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shàn	jià
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyen^X ›	‹ kae^H ›
Old Chinese	/*eʔ/	/C.qˁ<r>aʔ-s/ (or mə.qˁ<r>aʔ-s?)
English	good	price
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	善	賈
Reading #	1/1	2/3
No.	11084	14201
Phonetic component	善	襾
Rime group	元	魚
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	善	駕
Old Chinese	/*ɡjenʔ/	/*kraːs/

Noun

善賈

(literary) good price
- 有美玉於斯，韞匵而藏諸？求善賈而沽諸？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  有美玉于斯，韫𰅥而藏诸？求善贾而沽诸？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Yǒu měiyù yú sī, yùndú ér cáng zhū? Qiú shànjià ér gū zhū?
  There is a beautiful gem here. Should I lay it up in a case and keep it? or should I seek a good price and sell it?

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