| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喘 |
| あえ Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
⟨ape2ku⟩ → /apəɨku/ → */afeku/ → /afeɡu/ → /aweɡu/ → /aeɡu/
Shift from Old Japanese 喘く (⟨ape2ku⟩ → aeku), voicing apparent possibly in Early Middle Japanese or sometime after the Heian period.
喘ぐ • (aegu) ←あへぐ (afegu)?intransitive godan (stem 喘ぎ (aegi), past 喘いだ (aeida))
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 喘が | あえが | aega |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 喘ぎ | あえぎ | aegi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 喘ぐ | あえぐ | aegu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 喘ぐ | あえぐ | aegu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 喘げ | あえげ | aege |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 喘げ | あえげ | aege |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 喘がれる | あえがれる | aegareru |
| Causative | 喘がせる 喘がす |
あえがせる あえがす |
aegaseru aegasu |
| Potential | 喘げる | あえげる | aegeru |
| Volitional | 喘ごう | あえごう | aegō |
| Negative | 喘がない | あえがない | aeganai |
| Negative continuative | 喘がず | あえがず | aegazu |
| Formal | 喘ぎます | あえぎます | aegimasu |
| Perfective | 喘いだ | あえいだ | aeida |
| Conjunctive | 喘いで | あえいで | aeide |
| Hypothetical conditional | 喘げば | あえげば | aegeba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 喘が | あへが | afega |
| Continuative (連用形) | 喘ぎ | あへぎ | afegi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 喘ぐ | あへぐ | afegu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 喘ぐ | あへぐ | afegu |
| Realis (已然形) | 喘げ | あへげ | afege |
| Imperative (命令形) | 喘げ | あへげ | afege |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 喘がず | あへがず | afegazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 喘げど | あへげど | afegedo |
| Causal conjunction | 喘げば | あへげば | afegeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 喘がば | あへがば | afegaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 喘ぎき | あへぎき | afegiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 喘ぎけり | あへぎけり | afegikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 喘ぎつ | あへぎつ | afegitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 喘ぎぬ | あへぎぬ | afeginu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 喘げり 喘ぎたり |
あへげり あへぎたり |
afegeri afegitari |
| Volitional | 喘がむ | あへがむ | afegamu |