嘆息

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See also: 歎息 and 叹息

Chinese

to sigh
rest; news; interest
rest; news; interest; breath
 
trad. (嘆息/歎息) 嘆/歎 息
simp. (叹息) 叹 息

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 嘆 息
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 寒 (61) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 他旦切 相即切
Baxter thanH sik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑnH/ /sɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑnH/ /sɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑnH/ /siek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰanH/ /sik̚/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑnH/ /siək̚/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑnH/ /sĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑnH/ /si̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tàn xi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan3 sik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嘆 息
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tàn xī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thanH › ‹ sik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ˁar-s/ /*sək/
English sigh breathe

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嘆 息
Reading # 2/2 1/1
No. 4895 13332
Phonetic
component 		暵 息
Rime
group 		元 職
Rime
subdivision 		1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		炭 息
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥ʰaːns/ /*slɯɡ/
Notes 說文自亦聲

Verb

嘆息

  1. to sigh (with regret); to heave a sigh

Synonyms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嘆息):
  • → Japanese: 嘆息(たんそく) (tansoku)
  • → Korean: 탄식(歎息) (tansik)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
嘆 息
たん
Grade: S 		そく
Grade: 3
on'yomi
Alternative spellings
嘆息 (kyūjitai)
歎息

Noun

嘆(たん)息(そく) • (tansoku) 

  1. a sigh

Verb

嘆(たん)息(そく)する • (tansoku suru) intransitive suru (stem 嘆(たん)息(そく)し (tansoku shi), past 嘆(たん)息(そく)した (tansoku shita))

  1. to sigh

Conjugation

Conjugation of "嘆息する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 嘆息し たんそくし tansoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 嘆息し たんそくし tansoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 嘆息する たんそくする tansoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 嘆息する たんそくする tansoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 嘆息すれ たんそくすれ tansoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 嘆息せよ¹
嘆息しろ² 		たんそくせよ¹
たんそくしろ² 		tansoku seyo¹
tansoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 嘆息される たんそくされる tansoku sareru
Causative 嘆息させる
嘆息さす 		たんそくさせる
たんそくさす 		tansoku saseru
tansoku sasu
Potential 嘆息できる たんそくできる tansoku dekiru
Volitional 嘆息しよう たんそくしよう tansoku shiyō
Negative 嘆息しない たんそくしない tansoku shinai
Negative continuative 嘆息せず たんそくせず tansoku sezu
Formal 嘆息します たんそくします tansoku shimasu
Perfective 嘆息した たんそくした tansoku shita
Conjunctive 嘆息して たんそくして tansoku shite
Hypothetical conditional 嘆息すれば たんそくすれば tansoku sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

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