回天

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Chinese

to circle; to go back; to turn around
to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; (a measure word for matters or actions) a time; Islam
 
 day; sky; heaven
trad. (回天/迴天) 回/迴 天
simp. (回天) 回 天

Pronunciation

Verb

回天

  1. (figuratively) to save a desperate situation

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (回天):
  • → Japanese: 回天(かいてん) (kaiten)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
回 天
かい
Grade: 2 		てん
Grade: 1
kan'on on'yomi
Alternative spelling
廻天
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Etymology

回 is a daiyōji replacing 廻.

Pronunciation

Noun

回(かい)天(てん) • (kaiten) ←くわいてん (kwaiten)?

  1. (figuratively) changing the worsening situation for the better; turning the tide

Verb

回(かい)天(てん)する • (kaiten suru) ←くわいてん (kwaiten)?suru (stem 回(かい)天(てん)し (kaiten shi), past 回(かい)天(てん)した (kaiten shita))

  1. (figuratively) to change the worsening situation for the better; to turn the tide

Conjugation

Conjugation of "回天する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 回天し かいてんし kaiten shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 回天し かいてんし kaiten shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 回天する かいてんする kaiten suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 回天する かいてんする kaiten suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 回天すれ かいてんすれ kaiten sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 回天せよ¹
回天しろ² 		かいてんせよ¹
かいてんしろ² 		kaiten seyo¹
kaiten shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 回天される かいてんされる kaiten sareru
Causative 回天させる
回天さす 		かいてんさせる
かいてんさす 		kaiten saseru
kaiten sasu
Potential 回天できる かいてんできる kaiten dekiru
Volitional 回天しよう かいてんしよう kaiten shiyō
Negative 回天しない かいてんしない kaiten shinai
Negative continuative 回天せず かいてんせず kaiten sezu
Formal 回天します かいてんします kaiten shimasu
Perfective 回天した かいてんした kaiten shita
Conjunctive 回天して かいてんして kaiten shite
Hypothetical conditional 回天すれば かいてんすれば kaiten sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Proper noun

回(かい)天(てん) • (Kaiten) 

  1. (weaponry) Kaiten, crewed torpedoes and suicide craft used by the Imperial Japanese Navy in the final stages of World War II

References

  1. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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