國語
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Chinese
| country; state; nation | speech; language; dialect speech; language; dialect; tell to | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (國語) | 國 | 語 | |
| simp. (国语) | 国 | 语 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwok3 jyu5
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): gok2 ngui4*
- Gan (Wiktionary): guet6 'nyy3
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): guók-ngṳ̄
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kok-gú / kok-gír / kok-gí / kok-ú
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7koq-gniu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guóyǔ
- Wade–Giles: kuo2-yü3
- Yale: gwó-yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gwoyeu
- Palladius: гоюй (gojuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯ɔ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gwok3 jyu5
- Yale: gwok yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwok8 jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: guog3 yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɔːk̚³ jyː¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gok2 ngui4*
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔk̚⁵⁵ ᵑɡui²¹⁻²¹⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: guet6 'nyy3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuɛt̚⁵ ˈn̠ʲy²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koet-ngî
- Hakka Romanization System: guedˋ ngiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gued5 ngi1
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯et̚² ŋi²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: gued ngiˋ
- Sinological IPA: /kuet⁵⁻² ŋi⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guók-ngṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuoʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ ŋy³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok-gú
- Tâi-lô: kok-gú
- Phofsit Daibuun: kokguo
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok-gír
- Tâi-lô: kok-gír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Kaohsiung, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok-gí
- Tâi-lô: kok-gí
- Phofsit Daibuun: kokgie
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ ɡi⁵³/
- IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡi⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡi⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok-ú
- Tâi-lô: kok-ú
- Phofsit Daibuun: kok'uo
- IPA (Penang): /kɔk̚³⁻⁴ u⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Wu
Noun
國語
- national language; language specific to or of official usage in a nation
- (chiefly Taiwanese and Philippine Hokkien, colloquial in Hong Kong, dated in Mainland China, obsolete in Malaysia) Mandarin Chinese; standard Chinese
- (usually in contrast with 普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà, “mainland Chinese Mandarin”)) Taiwanese Mandarin; Guoyu
- (Malaysia) Malay, the national language of Malaysia
- (historical) under conquest dynasties founded by non-Han groups, the language of the conquering ethnic group: Khitan under the Liao, Mongol under the Yuan, Manchu under the Qing, etc.
- (Korean Classical Chinese) Korean
- (Vietnamese Classical Chinese) Vietnamese
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 國語, 中文 |
| Malaysia | 華語, 華文 | |
| Singapore | 華語, 華文 | |
| Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 中國話 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 普通話 |
| Oudomxay | 中國話 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 普通話, 普語 |
| Hong Kong | 國語, 普通話 | |
| Macau | 普通話 | |
| Nanning | 普通話 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 華語 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 華語 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 普通話, 國語 dated | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 國語 dated |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 華語 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 華語 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 華語 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 華語 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 華語 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 華語 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 普通話, 國語 dated |
| Sitiawan (Gutian) | 華文 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 普通話, 國語 dated |
| Quanzhou | 普通話 | |
| Jinjiang | 國語 | |
| Zhangzhou | 普通話 | |
| Tainan | 華語, 國語 GT | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 國語, 國語話, 華語, 普通話 | |
| Longyan | 普通話 | |
| Chaozhou | 普通話 | |
| Shantou | 普通話 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 普通話 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 華語, 唐儂話 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 普通閒話 |
| Suzhou | 普通閒話 | |
| Ningbo | 普通閒話 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (not particular region identified) | |
Dialectal synonyms of 馬來語 (“the Malay language”)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 馬來語, 馬來文 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 馬來語 |
| Malaysia | 馬來語, 馬來話, 馬來文, 巫語, 巫文, 國語, 國文 | |
| Singapore | 馬來語, 馬來話, 馬來文, 巫語 | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 馬拉話, 馬拉文 |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 馬拉話 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 馬拉話 | |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 番仔話, 番仔 |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 番仔話, 番仔 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 馬來話 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 番囝話 | |
Derived terms
Related terms
Proper noun
國語
- Discourses of the States (a text from the Spring and Autumn period)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 國 | 語 |
| こく Jinmeiyō |
ご Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 國語 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 國語, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 國 | 語 |
Noun
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 國 | 語 |
Noun
國語
- chữ Hán form of quốc ngữ (“national language, the modern Vietnamese writing system based on the Roman alphabet”).