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地震. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
地震, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
地震 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
地震 you have here. The definition of the word
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Chinese
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earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly
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shake; shock; sign in trigram
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trad. (地震)
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地
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震
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simp. #(地震)
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地
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震
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Pronunciation
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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地
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震
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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dì
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zhèn
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Middle Chinese
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‹ dijH ›
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‹ tsyinH ›
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Old Chinese
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/*ˁej-s/
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/*tər-s/
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English
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earth, ground
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clap of thunder
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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地
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震
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Reading #
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1/1
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1/1
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No.
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14808
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1367
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Phonetic component
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也
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辰
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Rime group
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歌
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文
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Rime subdivision
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2
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1
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Corresponding MC rime
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地
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震
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Old Chinese
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/*l'els/
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/*tjɯn/
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Noun
地震
- earthquake (Classifier: 場/场 m; 次 m c)
- 地震活動/地震活动 ― dìzhèn huódòng ― seismic activity
臺灣發生地震了。 [MSC, trad.]
台湾发生地震了。 [MSC, simp.]- Táiwān fāshēng dìzhèn le.
- There was an earthquake in Taiwan.
發生了大地震,大陸及港、澳、台三地藝人為了救災共襄盛舉,舉辦了多場演唱會。 [MSC, trad.]
发生了大地震,大陆及港、澳、台三地艺人为了救灾共襄盛举,举办了多场演唱会。 [MSC, simp.]- Fāshēng le dà dìzhèn, Dàlù jí Gǎng, Ào, Tái sān dì yìrén wèile jiùzāi gòngxiāngshèngjǔ, jǔbàn le duō chǎng yǎnchànghuì.
- After the major earthquake, artists from the Mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan all worked together to perform several concerts to collect funds for disaster relief.
- (figuratively, usually in politics or business) shifting or shuffling of posts
- 官場大地震/官场大地震 ― guānchǎng dàdìzhèn ― a major change in government officials
Synonyms
- (literary, or in compounds) 震 (zhèn)
Dialectal synonyms of
地震 (“(to have an) earthquake”)
Variety
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Location
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Words
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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地震
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Mandarin
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Beijing
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地震, 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒, 鰲魚翻身
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Taiwan
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地震, 地牛翻身
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Tianjin
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地震
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Chengde
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地震
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Tangshan
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Cangzhou
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地震
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Baoding
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地震, 地動
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Shijiazhuang
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地震, 地動
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Chifeng
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地震, 地動
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Hulunbuir (Hailar)
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地震
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Heihe
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地震
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Qiqihar
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地震
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Harbin
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地震
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Jiamusi
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地震
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Baicheng
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地震
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Changchun
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地震, 地動
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Tonghua
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地震, 地動
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Shenyang
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地震, 老鱉翻身
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Dandong
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地震, 地動
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Jinzhou
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地震, 地動
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Dalian
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地陷
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Yantai
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地震
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Qingdao
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地震
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Lijin
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地震, 地動
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Zhucheng
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地震
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Jinan
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地震, 地動
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Jining
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地震, 鰲魚眨眼地翻身
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Luoyang
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地動
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Wanrong
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地動
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Shangqiu
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地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
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Yuanyang
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地震
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Zhengzhou
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地動
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Lingbao
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地動
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Xinyang
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地動
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Baihe
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地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
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Hanzhong
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地震, 地動, 鱷魚翻身
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Xi'an
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地震, 地動
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Baoji
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地震, 地動
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Yinchuan
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地震
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Tianshui
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地動, 龍翻身哩
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Lanzhou
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地震, 地動
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Dunhuang
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地震
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Xining
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地震, 地牛搖頭
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Hami
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地震, 蛟龍翻身
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Ürümqi
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地動
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Wuhan
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Yichang
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Xiangyang
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Tianmen
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地震, 鰲魚換肩
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Hong'an
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Chengdu
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地震, 地動
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Nanchong
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地震, 地動
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Dazhou
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地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒
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Hanyuan
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地震, 地動
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Xichang
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地震, 鰲魚翻身, 地動
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Zigong
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地震
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Chongqing
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Guiyang
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地震, 地動
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Zunyi
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地震
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Bijie
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地震
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Liping
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地震
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Zhaotong
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Dali
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地震
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Kunming
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地震, 鱷魚翻身
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Mengzi
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地震
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Guilin
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地震
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Guanyang
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地震, 地動
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Liuzhou
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地震
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Jishou
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地震
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Changde
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鰲魚翻身
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Anqing
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地震
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Xuzhou
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地震, 地動
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Fuyang
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地震, 地動
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Wuhu
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地震, 地動
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Yangzhou
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地震, 鰲魚翻身
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Lianyungang
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地震
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Lianshui
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地震, 地動
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Nanjing
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地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚擦眼睛, 鰲魚眨眼睛
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Hefei
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地震
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Nantong
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地震, 地動
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Qimen (Anling Junhua)
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鰲魚翻身
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Singapore
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地震
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Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
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地動
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Kokang
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地動, 鰲魚翻身
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Mae Salong (Lancang)
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地震, 地動
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Mae Sai (Tengchong)
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地震
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Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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地震
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Hong Kong
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地震
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Taishan
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地震, 地牛躝側
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Yangjiang
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地震
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Qinzhou
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鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚動翅
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Gan
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Nanchang
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地震
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Pingxiang
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地震, 孽龍轉身
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Hakka
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Meixian
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地震, 天地轉側
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Wuhua (Shuizhai)
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地震
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Wuhua (Huacheng)
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地轉側
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Wuhua (Changbu)
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地震, 地轉側
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Wuhua (Mianyang)
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地震
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Jiexi
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地牛轉肩
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Luhe
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地牛轉肩
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Changting
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鰲魚翻身
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Yongding
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地轉側
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Yongding (Xiayang)
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地動
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Yongding (Gaobei)
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地震
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Yongding (Hukeng)
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地震
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Liancheng (Peitian)
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鰲魚轉側, 地震
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Liancheng (Juxi)
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地震
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Liancheng (Zhongbao)
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地震
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Liancheng (Laiyuan)
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地震, 地動
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Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
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Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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地動
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Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
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Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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地動
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Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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地動
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Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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地動
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Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng)
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地動
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Bobai (Longtan)
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地震
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Pontianak (Meixian)
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地動
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Bangkok (Meixian)
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天轉側
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Bangkok (Fengshun)
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地牛轉肩
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Huizhou
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Shexian
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地震
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Qimen (Anling Minhua)
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鰲魚翻身, 地震
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Jin
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Taiyuan
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地震, 地動
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Yangyuan
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地震, 地動
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Datong
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地震, 地動
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Xinzhou
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地動
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Lishi
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地震, 地動
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Linfen
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地震
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Changzhi
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地動
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Linhe
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地震, 地動
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Jining
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地搖
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Hohhot
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地震, 地動
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Erenhot
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地震
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Pingshan
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地動
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Zhangjiakou
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地震
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Handan
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地震, 地動
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Linzhou
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地動
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Suide
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地震, 土牛兒翻身
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Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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地震, 地牛反肩
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Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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地震, 地牛轉肩
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Gutian
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地震, 地牛車轉身 dated
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Southern Min
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Xiamen
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地動
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Xiamen (Tong'an)
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地動
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Quanzhou
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Zhangzhou
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Zhangzhou (Longhai)
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地動
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Zhangpu
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地動
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Dongshan
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地牛過肩, 地顫 rural
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Taipei
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地動
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New Taipei (Sanxia)
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地牛翻身, 地動
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Kaohsiung
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地動, 塗牛翻身
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Yilan
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地牛翻身, 地動
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Changhua (Lukang)
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地動
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Taichung
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Tainan
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地動, 塗牛翻身
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Hsinchu
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Kinmen
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Penghu (Magong)
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地動, 地牛翻身
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Penang (Hokkien)
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地動, 地顫
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Manila (Hokkien)
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地動
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Chaozhou
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地震
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Shantou
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地震
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Jieyang
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地牛換肩
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Haifeng
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地牛翻身
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Shaojiang Min
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Shaowu
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龍翻身, 牛搏肩
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Southern Pinghua
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Nanning (Tingzi)
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地震
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Wu
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Shanghai
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地震, 地動
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Suzhou
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地震
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Wuxi
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地震, 天搖地動
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Wenzhou
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地震, 地藏王轉肩
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Xiang
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Changsha
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地震
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Shuangfeng
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地震
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Verb
地震
- (impersonal) to have an earthquake
- 臺灣地震了。/台湾地震了。 ― Táiwān dìzhèn le. ― There was an earthquake in Taiwan.
Derived terms
Descendants
Others:
See also
- 餘震/余震 (yúzhèn, “aftershock”)
Japanese
Etymology 1
/di t͡ɕin/ → /d͡ʑiɕiɴ/
From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese compound 地震 (MC dijH tsyinH). First cited to a text from 734.
Pronunciation
Noun
地震 • (jishin) ←ぢしん (disin)?
- earthquake
Synonyms
- (obsolete) 地震 (nai), 地震 (nae)
Derived terms
Proverbs
Related terms
See also
Etymology 2
/nawi/ → */nawʲi/ → /naji/ → /nai/
From Old Japanese. First cited to 720 in the Nihon Shoki.
Apparently this term semantically first referred to the ground, and was used most in constructions like "the ground shakes". Over time, this shifted via metonymy to refer to the shaking itself.
May be a compound of 土 (na, “ground”, possibly an apophonic form of ni, "earth, soil") + 居 (i, “being”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 居る (iru, “to be”, in a location; in modern Japanese, used of animate objects)).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Noun
地震 • (nai) ←なゐ (nawi)?
- (obsolete) an earthquake
- 720, Nihon Shoki (poem 94)
- 於弥能姑能耶賦能之魔柯枳始陀騰余瀰那為我與釐拠魔耶黎夢之魔柯枳 [Man'yōgana]
- 臣の子の八符の柴垣下動み地が震り来ば破れむ柴垣 [Modern spelling]
- omi no ko no yafu no shibakaki shita-toyomi nai ga yorikoba yaremu shibakaki
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 1212, Hōjōki
- また、同じころかとよ、おびたゝしく大地震ふること侍き。 恐れのなかに恐るべかりけるは、只地震なりけりとこそ覺え侍しか。 よのつね、驚くほどの地震、二三十度ふらぬ日はなし。
- Mata, onaji koro ka to yo, obi-tatashiku ō-nai furu koto saburaki. ...osore no naka ni osoru-bekarikeru wa, tada nai narikeri to koso oboe-ji shi ka. ...yo no tsune, odoroku-hodo no nai, ni-san-jūdo furanu hi wa nashi.
- (please add an English translation of this example)
Etymology 3
/nawi/ → */nawʲi/ → /naji/ → /naje/ → /nae/
Appears in the Nippo Jisho.
Shift from nai, historical nawi (see above). First cited to the late 1400s.
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Noun
地震 • (nae)
- (obsolete or regional, Kagoshima) an earthquake
- 大きななえが来れば、恐ろしいよ。
- Okina nae ga kureba, osoroshii yo.
- If a big earthquake occurs, it will be terrifying.
-
- Naye. ナエ(地震) 地震.Nayega yuru. (地震が揺る) 地震がする.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 “地震”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Nishio, Minoro (1212) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei: Hōjōki, Tsurezuregusa, Iwanami Shoten, published 1957, →ISBN
- ^ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
Korean
Noun
地震 • (jijin) (hangeul 지진)
- Hanja form? of 지진 (“earthquake”).
Related terms
- 震源地 (진원지, jinwonji, “epicenter”)
- 餘震 (여진, yeojin, “aftershock”)
Vietnamese
Noun
地震
- chữ Hán form of địa chấn (“earthquake”).