堡

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堡 U+5821, 堡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5821
← 堠
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 堢 →

Translingual

Han character

堡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人木土 (ODG), four-corner 26104, composition ⿱保土)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5254
  • Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+5821

Chinese

trad. 堡
simp. # 堡
alternative forms 㙅
堢
𡋠
𪧕
葆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (保) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
襃 *puː, *puː
保 *puːʔ
堡 *puːʔ
褓 *puːʔ
堢 *puːʔ
緥 *puːʔ
葆 *puːʔ
賲 *puːʔ
宲 *puːʔ
椺 *ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *puːʔ) : phonetic 保 (OC *puːʔ) + semantic 土.

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 堡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博抱切
Baxter pawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pawX/
Li
Rong 		/pɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/pɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bou2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 堡
Reading # 1/1
No. 319
Phonetic
component 		保
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		寶
Old
Chinese 		/*puːʔ/
Notes 同堢，古作保

Definitions

堡

  1. small camp; small mud fortification
  2. fort; fortress
  3. Short for 漢堡／汉堡 (hànbǎo, “hamburger”).
Usage notes

Often used in phono-semantic matchings to translate English and German -burg, or English -burgh, etc.
Some place names or surnames with the component Berg is also translated into 堡, but this is a result of confusion between Burg and Berg, with the latter meaning "mountain" instead of "castle". Nowadays Berg is usually transliterated as 貝格／贝格 or 伯格 except in few examples e.g. 紐倫堡／纽伦堡 (Niǔlúnbǎo, “Nuremberg”), 海德堡 (Hǎidébǎo, “Heidelberg”) and 海森堡 (Hǎisēnbǎo, “Heisenberg”).

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

堡

  1. (often in placenames) town or village with walls
    吳堡／吴堡  ―  Wúbǔ  ―  Wubu (county of Yulin, Shaanxi, China)

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

堡

  1. Used in place names, as a variant of 鋪／铺／舖 (pù, “courier station”).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

堡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

堡 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po)

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Vietnamese

Han character

堡: Hán Nôm readings: bảo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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