堪る

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
堪
たま
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 溜(た)まる (tamaru, “to accumulate”).

Verb

堪(たま)る • (tamaru) intransitive godan (stem 堪(たま)り (tamari), past 堪(たま)った (tamatta))

  1. (often with negative) to refrain; to restrain oneself
    こう暑(あつ)くてはたまらぬ
    kō atsukute wa tamaranu
    This hot temperature is intolerable.
    あぁ＾～たまらねぇぜ
    ā＾~ tamaranē ze
    Oh, it's wonderful.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "堪る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 堪ら たまら tamara
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 堪り たまり tamari
Shūshikei ("terminal") 堪る たまる tamaru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 堪る たまる tamaru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 堪れ たまれ tamare
Meireikei ("imperative") 堪れ たまれ tamare
Key constructions
Passive 堪られる たまられる tamarareru
Causative 堪らせる
堪らす 		たまらせる
たまらす 		tamaraseru
tamarasu
Potential 堪れる たまれる tamareru
Volitional 堪ろう たまろう tamarō
Negative 堪らない たまらない tamaranai
Negative continuative 堪らず たまらず tamarazu
Formal 堪ります たまります tamarimasu
Perfective 堪った たまった tamatta
Conjunctive 堪って たまって tamatte
Hypothetical conditional 堪れば たまれば tamareba
Classical conjugation of "堪る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 堪ら たまら tamara
Continuative (連用形) 堪り たまり tamari
Terminal (終止形) 堪る たまる tamaru
Attributive (連体形) 堪る たまる tamaru
Realis (已然形) 堪れ たまれ tamare
Imperative (命令形) 堪れ たまれ tamare
Key constructions
Negative 堪らず たまらず tamarazu
Contrasting conjunction 堪れど たまれど tamaredo
Causal conjunction 堪れば たまれば tamareba
Conditional conjunction 堪らば たまらば tamaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 堪りき たまりき tamariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 堪りけり たまりけり tamarikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 堪りつ たまりつ tamaritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 堪りぬ たまりぬ tamarinu
Perfect-continuative tense 堪れり
堪りたり		 たまれり
たまりたり		 tamareri
tamaritari
Volitional 堪らむ たまらむ tamaramu
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