夜這い
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Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 夜 | 這 |
| よ Grade: 2 (ateji) |
は > ば Jinmeiyō (ateji) |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 婚い |
Etymology
From Old Japanese. Derived from 呼ばひ (yobai), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 呼ばふ (yobau, “to court a woman”), a combination of 呼ば (yoba), the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verb 呼ぶ (yobu, “to call”) + auxiliary verb ふ (fu, “indicating repetition or ongoing state”).[1][2][3]
The spelling, composed of 夜 (yo, “night”) + 這い (hai, “crawling”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 這う (hau), “to crawl”), literally “night crawling”, is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字), with possibly some influence from folk etymology.
Pronunciation
Noun
- (historical) night-visiting, a man visiting a woman at night for sexual relations
- (historical) a proposal of marriage, a courtship
- Synonym: 求婚 (kyūkon)
Derived terms
- 夜這人 (yobaibito, “a suitor”)
- 夜這星 (yobaiboshi, “a meteor”)
- (classical) さ婚ひ (sayobai, “marriage proposal”)
- 婚文 (yobaibumi, “a letter proposing marriage, a love letter”)
Verb
夜這いする • (yobai suru) ←よばひ (yobafi)?suru (stem 夜這いし (yobai shi), past 夜這いした (yobai shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "夜這いする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 夜這いし | よばいし | yobai shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 夜這いし | よばいし | yobai shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 夜這いする | よばいする | yobai suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 夜這いする | よばいする | yobai suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 夜這いすれ | よばいすれ | yobai sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 夜這いせよ¹ 夜這いしろ² |
よばいせよ¹ よばいしろ² |
yobai seyo¹ yobai shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 夜這いされる | よばいされる | yobai sareru | |
| Causative | 夜這いさせる 夜這いさす |
よばいさせる よばいさす |
yobai saseru yobai sasu | |
| Potential | 夜這いできる | よばいできる | yobai dekiru | |
| Volitional | 夜這いしよう | よばいしよう | yobai shiyō | |
| Negative | 夜這いしない | よばいしない | yobai shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 夜這いせず | よばいせず | yobai sezu | |
| Formal | 夜這いします | よばいします | yobai shimasu | |
| Perfective | 夜這いした | よばいした | yobai shita | |
| Conjunctive | 夜這いして | よばいして | yobai shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 夜這いすれば | よばいすれば | yobai sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN