奠

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奠 U+5960, 奠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5960
← 奟
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 奡 →

Translingual

Han character

奠 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿田大 (TWK), four-corner 80430, composition ⿱酋大)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 253, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5960
  • Dae Jaweon: page 514, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 546, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5960

Chinese

trad. 奠
simp. # 奠
alternative forms ⿱酉丌
𠪝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奠
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (奠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
奠 *diːŋs
鄭 *deŋs
擲 *deɡ
躑 *deɡ

Oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) – an alcohol vessel (酉) placed on a mat (一).

In the bronze inscriptions, two strokes (八) were sometimes added above the alcohol vessel, representing overflowing alcohol; this is inherited in the small seal script as 酋. In some bronze inscriptions, two horizontal strokes were sometimes also added below the line representing a mat; the strokes sometimes were changed to something like 八. These two strokes then fused with the mat to give 丌 (a table with two legs) in the small seal script. 丌 later evolved into 大 by process of libian (隸變).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 奠
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 堂練切
Baxter denH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/denH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/denH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛnH/
Li
Rong 		/denH/
Wang
Li 		/dienH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱienH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		diàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		din6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奠 奠
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		diàn diàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ denH › ‹ denH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-tˁe-s/ /*m-tˁe-s/
English be fixed (v.i.) set forth (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奠
Reading # 1/1
No. 2351
Phonetic
component 		奠
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		電
Old
Chinese 		/*diːŋs/

Definitions

奠

  1. to set; to lay; to place down (typically in ceremonial contexts)
  2. to make offerings to the dead; to libate
  3. to establish

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 奠
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 丁定切
Baxter tengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/teŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/teŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tɛjŋH/
Li
Rong 		/teŋH/
Wang
Li 		/tieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ding3

Definitions

奠

  1. Alternative form of 飣／饤 (dìng)
  2. fake

Pronunciation 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 奠 – see 鄭 (“proper noun sense”).
(This character is an ancient form of 鄭).

Usage notes

Usage seen in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions.

Pronunciation 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 奠 – see 停 (“to stop; to halt; to stay; to remain; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 停).

Pronunciation 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 奠 – see 尊 (“to respect; to revere; to venerate; to honor; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 尊).

Japanese

Kanji

奠

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. to make offerings
  2. to establish

Readings

(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 奠 (MC denH).

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

奠 (eumhun 정(定)할 전 (jeonghal jeon))
奠 (eumhun 제사(祭祀) 전 (jesa jeon))

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Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 奠 (MC tengH).

Pronunciation

Hanja

奠 (eumhun 멈출 정 (meomchul jeong))

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References

Vietnamese

Han character

奠: Hán Nôm readings: điện

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