妃

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妃 U+5983, 妃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5983
← 如
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 妄 →

Translingual

Han character

妃 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 女尸山 (VSU), four-corner 47417, composition ⿰女己)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 255, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6061
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1027, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5983

Chinese

trad. 妃
simp. # 妃
alternative forms 𡚱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (妃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
圮 *brɯlʔ
妃 *pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 女 (“woman”) + 卩 (“a kneeling man”).

Etymology 1

Probably related to 配 (OC *pʰɯːds, “to match”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 妃
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 微 (21)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 芳非切
Baxter phj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰʉi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷɨi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰiuəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰuj/
Li
Rong 		/pʰiuəi/
Wang
Li 		/pʰĭwəi/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰwe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fēi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 妃
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fēi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phjɨj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰ/
English consort; match

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 妃
Reading # 2/2
No. 3062
Phonetic
component 		妃
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		霏
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰɯl/
Notes 甲金文從巳從女表育兒之婦，
非己聲

Definitions

妃

  1. † spouse; couple
  2. (historical) imperial concubine
  3. (historical) wife of a prince
  4. (religion, honorific) goddess

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (妃):
  • → Japanese: 妃(ひ) (hi)
  • → Korean: 비(妃) (bi)
  • → Vietnamese: phi (妃)

Others:

Etymology 2

Related to 配 (OC *pʰɯːds, “to match”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 妃
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 滂佩切
Baxter phwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰuʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰuoiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰuɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰwəjH/
Li
Rong 		/pʰuᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/pʰuɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pèi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pui3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 妃
Reading # 1/2
No. 3061
Phonetic
component 		妃
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		配
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰɯːls/
Notes 見左傳

Definitions

妃

  1. † to marry

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai 妃
Kyūjitai
妃󠄂
妃+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

妃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. queen
  2. princess

Readings

From Middle Chinese 妃 (MC phj+j); compare Mandarin 妃 (fēi):

From Middle Chinese 妃 (MC phwojH); compare Mandarin 妃 (pèi):

From native Japanese roots:

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

妃(きさき) or 妃(きさい) • (kisaki or kisai) 

  1. A ruler's wife; queen; empress.
    • 1632, Diego Collado, Dictionarium sive thesauri linguae Iaponicae compendium, page 112:
      Regina, æ . reina . qisàqi .
      Regina, æ . reina . qisàqi .
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 2

御(み)- (mi-, honorific prefix) + 女(め) (me, “woman”).

Alternative forms

Noun

妃(みめ) • (mime) 

  1. A noble's wife.

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 妃 (MC phj+j).

Pronunciation

Noun

妃(ひ) • (hi) 

  1. a queen consort or princess consort
    お妃(ひ)
    o-hi
    the queen
    聖(せい)剣(けん)を抱(いだ)く王(おう)妃(ひ)ギネヴィア
    Seiken o Idaku Ōhi Ginevia
    Guinevere, the Queen Who Bears the Holy Sword
    妃(ひ)殿(でん)下(か)
    Hidenka
    Her Highness the Princess
    文(ふみ)仁(ひと)親(しん)王(のう)妃(ひ)紀(き)子(こ)
    Fumihito Shinnōhi Kiko
    Kiko, Princess Fumihito
    (literally, “Kiko, Consort of Prince Fumihito”)
    ウェールズ公(こう)妃(ひ)ダイアナ
    Wēruzu Kōhi Daiana
    Diana, Princess of Wales
    (literally, “Diana, Consort of the Prince of Wales”)

References

  1. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 393 (paper), page 209 (digital)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 妃 (MC phj+j). Recorded as Middle Korean 비 (pi) (Yale: pi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

妃 (eumhun 왕비 비 (wangbi bi))

  1. Hanja form? of 비 (“wife; spouse”).
  2. Hanja form? of 비 (“imperial concubine”).

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 妃 (MC phwojH).

Hanja

妃 (eumhun 짝지을 배 (jjakjieul bae))

  1. (archaic) Hanja form? of 배 (“to marry”).

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

妃: Hán Nôm readings: phi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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