嫉妒

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See also: 嫉妬

Chinese

		jealousy; be jealous of	jealous
trad. (嫉妒)		嫉	妒
simp. ^#(嫉妒)		嫉	妒
alternative forms		嫉妬／嫉妒
anagram		妒嫉

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jídù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zat⁶ dou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhi̍t-tu
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chi̍t-tò͘ / che̍k-tò͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jídù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jídù
  - Wade–Giles: chi²-tu⁴
  - Yale: jí-dù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyiduh
  - Palladius: цзиду (czidu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵ tu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    嫉妒
    極度／极度

Note: Often mispronounced as jìdu; see also 忌妒 (jìdù).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zat⁶ dou³
  - Yale: jaht dou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzat⁹ dou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zed⁶ dou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐt̚² tou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhi̍t-tu
  - Hakka Romanization System: qid du
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qid⁶ du⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚⁵ tu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t-tò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍t-tòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciddox
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² tɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k-tò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍k-tòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zegdox
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɔ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: dzijH|dzit tuH

Rime
Character	嫉	嫉	妒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	從 (15)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	質 (48)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	疾二切	秦悉切	當故切
Baxter	dzijH	dzit	tuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪ^H/	/d͡ziɪt̚/	/tuo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zit̚/	/tuo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪ^H/	/d͡zjet̚/	/to^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zit̚/	/tɔ^H/
Li Rong	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡ziĕt̚/	/to^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zĭĕt̚/	/tu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi^H/	/d͡zʱi̯ĕt̚/	/tuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	jí	dù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi⁶	zat⁶	dou³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*zids|zid tqaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dù
Middle Chinese	‹ tu^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁak-s/
English	jealous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嫉	嫉	妒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	5739	5742	5291
Phonetic component	疾	疾	戸
Rime group	至	質	魚
Rime subdivision	1	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	自	疾	妒
Old Chinese	/*zids/	/*zid/	/*tqaːs/

Verb

嫉妒

to be jealous; to envy; to be envious

Synonyms

吃味 (chīwèi) (regional)
妒嫉 (dùjí)
妒忌 (dùjì)
妒恨 (dùhèn) (literary)
媢嫉 (màojí) (literary)
忌 (jì)
忌垢 (ji⁴ gou⁴) (Sichuanese)
忌妒 (jìdù)
怨妒 (Hokkien)
惡妒／恶妒 (Hokkien)
欣羨／欣羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
歆羨／歆羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
目空刺 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
目空赤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
目紅／目红 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
目赤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
眼氣／眼气 (nie² qi³) (Jin)
眼紅／眼红 (yǎnhóng)
紅目／红目 (Hokkien)
羨慕／羡慕 (xiànmù)
葡萄 (pou⁴ tou⁴) (Cantonese, Hong Kong, neologism)
豔羨／艳羡 (yànxiàn) (formal)
赤狗目 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
赤目 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嫉妒):

→ Japanese: 嫉(しっ)妬(と) (shitto)
→ Korean: 질투(嫉妒) (jiltu)

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