嫉妒

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See also: 嫉妬

Chinese

		jealousy; be jealous of	jealous
trad. (嫉妒)		嫉	妒
simp. ^#(嫉妒)		嫉	妒
alternative forms		嫉妬／嫉妒
anagram		妒嫉

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jídù

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zat⁶ dou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhi̍t-tu
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chi̍t-tò͘ / che̍k-tò͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jídù
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jídù
  - Wade–Giles: chi²-tu⁴
  - Yale: jí-dù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyiduh
  - Palladius: цзиду (czidu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵ tu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    嫉妒
    極度 / 极度

Note: Often mispronounced as jìdu; see also 忌妒 (jìdù).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zat⁶ dou³
  - Yale: jaht dou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzat⁹ dou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zed⁶ dou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐt̚² tou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhi̍t-tu
  - Hakka Romanization System: qid du
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qid⁶ du⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚⁵ tu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t-tò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍t-tòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciddox
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² tɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² tɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k-tò͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍k-tòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zegdox
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɔ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: dzijH|dzit tuH

Rime
Character	嫉	嫉	妒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	從 (15)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	質 (48)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	疾二切	秦悉切	當故切
Baxter	dzijH	dzit	tuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪ^H/	/d͡ziɪt̚/	/tuo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zit̚/	/tuo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪ^H/	/d͡zjet̚/	/to^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zit̚/	/tɔ^H/
Li Rong	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡ziĕt̚/	/to^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zi^H/	/d͡zĭĕt̚/	/tu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi^H/	/d͡zʱi̯ĕt̚/	/tuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	jí	dù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi⁶	zat⁶	dou³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*zids|zid tqaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dù
Middle Chinese	‹ tu^H ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁak-s/
English	jealous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嫉	嫉	妒
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	5739	5742	5291
Phonetic component	疾	疾	戸
Rime group	至	質	魚
Rime subdivision	1	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	自	疾	妒
Old Chinese	/*zids/	/*zid/	/*tqaːs/

Verb

嫉妒

to be jealous; to envy; to be envious

Synonyms

吃味 (chīwèi) (regional)
妒嫉 (dùjí)
妒忌 (dùjì)
妒恨 (dùhèn) (literary)
媢嫉 (màojí) (literary)
忌 (jì)
忌垢 (ji⁴ gou⁴) (Sichuanese)
忌妒 (jìdù)
怨妒 (Hokkien)
惡妒 / 恶妒 (Hokkien)
欣羨 / 欣羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
歆羨 / 歆羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
目空刺 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
目空赤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
目紅 / 目红 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
目赤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
眼氣 / 眼气 (nie² qi³) (Jin)
眼紅 / 眼红 (yǎnhóng)
紅目 / 红目 (Hokkien)
羨慕 / 羡慕 (xiànmù)
葡萄 (pou⁴ tou⁴) (Cantonese, Hong Kong, neologism)
豔羨 / 艳羡 (yànxiàn) (formal)
赤狗目 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
赤目 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嫉妒):

→ Japanese: 嫉(しっ)妬(と) (shitto)
→ Korean: 질투(嫉妒) (jiltu)

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