孔雀

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Chinese

hole; surname bird; lentigo; sparrow
simp. and trad.
(孔雀) 		孔 雀

Etymology

孔 (kǒng, “peacock”) + 雀 (què); see 孔 (kǒng).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 陽 (107)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 康董切 即略切
Baxter khuwngX tsjak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡sɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡siɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡siɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰəwŋX/ /t͡sɨak̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡siak̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡sĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰuŋX/ /t͡si̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		kǒng jue
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hung2 zoek3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kǒng què
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khuwngX › ‹ tsjak ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʰˁoŋʔ/ /*ewk/
English (surname) sparrow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 孔 雀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 7489 10745
Phonetic
component 		孔 雀
Rime
group 		東 藥
Rime
subdivision 		0 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		孔 爵
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰloːŋʔ/ /*ʔsewɢ/
Notes 金文象就乳，與古候切從子殼聲字（說文乳也）同源

Noun

孔雀

  1. peacock; peafowl (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)

Synonyms

  • (literary, or in compounds) 孔 (kǒng)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (孔雀):

Others:

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
孔 雀
く
Grade: S 		じゃく
Jinmeiyō
goon kan’yōon
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Wikipedia

/kuᵑ sʲakʉ/ → /kuⁿzʲakʉ/ → /kuʑaku/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 孔雀 (MC khuwngX tsjak).

First cited in the Wamyō Ruijushō of roughly 934.

Pronunciation

Noun

孔(く)雀(じゃく) or 孔雀(クジャク) • (kujaku) 

  1. a peafowl
    Hypernym: 雉 (kiji)
  2. (historical, colloquial) an upper-class prostitute especially in Edo-period Yoshiwara
    from their gold-threaded patterns of peafowl, fenghuang, etc. on their fine clothes
  3. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a design of a peacock's expanded tailfeathers
Usage notes
  • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クジャク.
  • The genders can be distinguished by using 雄 (osu) and 雌 (mesu), as in 雄クジャク (osu kujaku, “peacock”) and 雌クジャク (mesu kujaku, “peahen”).
Derived terms
Derived terms
Idioms

Proper noun

孔(く)雀(じゃく) • (Kujaku) 

  1. (astronomy, colloquial) Short for くじゃく座 (Kujaku-za): Pavo

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
孔 雀
く
Grade: S 		さく > ざく
Jinmeiyō
goon

/kuᵑ sakʉ/ → /kuⁿzakʉ/ → /kuzaku/

A variant shift from Middle Chinese 孔雀 (MC khuwngX tsjak).

First cited in the Utsubo Monogatari of roughly 999.

Noun

孔(く)雀(ざく) • (kuzaku) 

  1. (rare, obsolete) a peafowl

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
孔雀

Noun

孔雀 • (gongjak) (hangeul 공작)

  1. Hanja form? of 공작 (“peafowl”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
孔雀

Noun

孔雀

  1. chữ Hán form of khổng tước (“peafowl”).
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