宅

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宅 U+5B85, 宅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B85
← 宄
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宆 →
宅 U+FA04, 宅
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA04
← 糖
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 洞 →

Translingual

Han character

宅 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 十竹心 (JHP), four-corner 30714, composition ⿱宀乇)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7064
  • Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 913, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5B85

Chinese

trad. 宅
simp. # 宅
alternative forms 厇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
咤 *ʔr'aː, *ʔr'aːɡs
吒 *ʔr'aːɡs
灹 *ʔr'aːɡs
矺 *ʔr'aːɡs, *ʔl'aːb, *ʔl'aːɡ, *l̥ʰaːɡ, *ʔr'eːɡ
奼 *ʔr'aːɡs, *hr'aːʔ, *ʔl'aːɡs
侘 *hr'aː, *hr'aːɡs
詫 *hr'aːɡs
秅 *r'aː, *ʔl'aːɡs
秺 *ʔl'aːɡs
亳 *blaːɡ
托 *l̥ʰaːɡ
託 *l̥ʰaːɡ
魠 *l̥ʰaːɡ
馲 *l̥ʰaːɡ, *raːɡ, *ʔr'aːɡ
侂 *l̥ʰaːɡ
飥 *l̥ʰaːɡ
仛 *l'aːɡ
虴 *pr'aːɡ
杔 *ʔr'aːɡ
乇 *ʔr'aːɡ
宅 *r'aːɡ
厇 *ʔr'eːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *r'aːɡ) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 乇 (OC *ʔr'aːɡ).

Etymology

slang
“someone who stays at home”
Ultimately from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese お宅 (otaku); this sense developed from the influence of its orthography.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • zhái - vernacular;
  • zhè - literary.
Note: tia̍k/te̍k - literary, the̍h/the̍eh - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 宅
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂai³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂai²⁴/
/t͡sai²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sai⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂei⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sei²⁴/
Xining /t͡sɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sə¹³/
/ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂə⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡sai⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /t͡sə³¹/
Nanjing /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡saʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /zaʔ¹/
Suzhou /zɑʔ³/
Hangzhou /zɑ²/
Wenzhou /d͡za²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛ²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰa¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰet̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sak̚²/
Nanning /t͡sak̚²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sak̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tik̚⁵/
/tʰik̚⁵/
/tʰeʔ⁵/ 厝～
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /tʰeʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sai²¹³/
Rime
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 陌 (113)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 瑒伯切
Baxter draek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖˠæk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖᵚak̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡak̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖaɨjk̚/
Li
Rong 		/ȡɐk̚/
Wang
Li 		/ȡɐk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱɐk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zak6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhái
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dræk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-tˁ<r>ak/
English residence

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宅
Reading # 1/1
No. 16929
Phonetic
component 		乇
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*r'aːɡ/

Definitions

宅

  1. residence; dwelling; house; home
    住宅  ―  zhùzhái  ―  residence
  2. † tomb; grave
  3. † to reside; to dwell
  4. to place
    宅心仁厚  ―  zháixīn rénhòu  ―  to settle the mind with benevolence and generosity
  5. (slang) Someone who prefers to stay at home rather than go outside; a homebody

Compounds

References

Japanese

Alternative forms

Kanji

宅

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. home

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
宅
たく
Grade: 6
on'yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 宅 (MC draek).

Noun

宅(たく) • (taku) 

  1. home
  2. husband

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 宅 (MC draek).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄄᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: ttóyk)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 집 (Yale: cìp) ᄐᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: thóyk)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

宅 (eumhun 집 택 (jip taek))

  1. (only in compounds) hanja form? of 택 (“house; home”)

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 2

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading.

Pronunciation

Hanja

宅 (eumhun 집 댁 (jip daek))

  1. hanja form? of 댁 (“residence”)
  2. hanja form? of 댁 (“a respectful term of address for someone of equal or lower status”)
Usage notes

When used in isolation, this reading is used to address others or people's houses in a polite manner.

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

宅: Hán Nôm readings: trạch, trãi, trại

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