. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
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Han character
室 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十一戈土 (JMIG), four-corner 30104, composition ⿱宀至)
Derived characters
- 𠋤, 㗌, 𢯶, 榁, 腟, , , 𧍱, 𩋡, 鰘, 𭃸, 𦥉, 𡹭, 𮏧, 𰙱, 𬄰, 𨘲
See also
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 285, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7136
- Dae Jaweon: page 563, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 925, character 3
- Unihan data for U+5BA4
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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致
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*tiɡs
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輊
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*tiɡs
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駤
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*tiɡs
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跮
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*tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
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荎
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*di, *diːɡ
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緻
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*diɡs
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至
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*tjiɡs
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鵄
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*tʰji
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胵
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*tʰji
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痓
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*tʰjiɡs
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咥
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*hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
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窒
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*tiːɡ, *tiɡ
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蛭
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*tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
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垤
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*diːɡ
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耋
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*diːɡ
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姪
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*diːɡ, *diɡ
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絰
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*diːɡ
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恎
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*diːɡ
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挃
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*tiɡ
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庢
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*tiɡ
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銍
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*tiɡ, *tjiɡ
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秷
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*tiɡ
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螲
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*tiɡ
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侄
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*diɡ, *tjiɡ
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桎
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*tjiɡ
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郅
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*tjiɡ
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晊
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*tjiɡ
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室
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*hliɡ
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hliɡ): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs). Its original meaning is "house, residence". The arrows also indicates that a residence is a place or spot in which somebody stops, like an arrow stuck on the ground, hence the phonetic component also adds part of the meaning. Hence, in accordance to this interpretation, the character can be understood as "a ⼧ roof over ⾄ this exact spot".
The character's modern meaning is "to arrive". Hence, according to 說文 Shuowen, it is analyzed as a 會意 semantic assembly, as he says "至所止 arrive at a specific place" symbolized by the roof.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-li(s). Cognate to Tibetan གཞིས (gzhis) < གལྱི (glyi, “ground, foundation, cause; residence, abode”), ས་གཞི (sa gzhi, “earth (opposite to sky)”), གཞིས (gzhis, “native place”), ཡུལ་གཞིས (yul gzhis, “house, estate, property”), གཞིས་སྒྲིལ་བ (gzhis sgril ba, “to move, to change one's abode”). Also cognate to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *mliy, from which Burmese မြေ (mre, “earth, soil”) is derived.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Pinyin): shì, shǐ
- (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ, ㄕˇ
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sat1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): sit2
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): sṳt
- (Hailu, HRS): shid
- (Meixian, Guangdong): sed5
- Jin (Wiktionary): seh4
- Northern Min (KCR): sĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): sék
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sih6
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): sek / siak / sit
- (Teochew, Peng'im): sig4 / sêg4
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7seq
Note:
- sek/siak - vernacular;
- sit - literary.
Note:
- sig4 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
- sêg4 - Jieyang.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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室
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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shì
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Middle Chinese
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‹ syit ›
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Old Chinese
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/*s.ti/
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English
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chamber; house
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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室
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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17374
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Phonetic component
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至
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Rime group
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質
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Rime subdivision
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2
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Corresponding MC rime
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失
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Old Chinese
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/*hliɡ/
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Definitions
室
- room (in a building or house); chamber
- 兩室一廳/两室一厅 ― liǎng shì yī tīng ― two rooms and one living room
- (specifically in addresses) apartment number; flat number
- (literary, or in compounds) family; household; clan
- (literary, or in compounds) family member; dependent
- (specifically, literary, or in compounds) wife
- (obsolete) to take a wife
公父文伯之母欲室文伯。 - From: Guoyu, circa 4th century BCE
- Gōngfù Wénbó zhī mǔ yù shì Wénbó.
- The mother of Gongfu Wenbo wants her son to get married.
乃令男子年二十而室,女年十五而嫁。 - From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
- Nǎi lìng nánzǐ nián èrshí ér shì, nǚ nián shíwǔ ér jià.
- Then he ordered men to take a wife at twenty and girls to get married at fifteen.
- (literary, or in compounds) organ (part of an organism) shaped like a chamber; body cavity; ventricle
- (literary, or in compounds) work unit; administrative unit
- (literary, or in compounds) court; dynasty
- (literary, or in compounds) home; house
- (literary, or in compounds) office
- (literary, or in compounds) coffin pit; grave
- (literary, or in compounds) scabbard; sheath
- (astronomy) Encampment (a Chinese constellation near Pegasus)
Synonyms
- 居室 (jūshì)
- 屋子 (wūzi) (colloquial)
- 房間 / 房间 (fángjiān)
- 房頭 / 房头 (fángtóu) (literary)
- 人家
- 家
- 家子 (jiāzi) (colloquial)
- 家室 (jiāshì)
- 家庭 (jiātíng)
- 家族 (jiāzú)
- 戶家 / 户家 (hùjiā) (literary)
- 房頭 / 房头 (fángtóu) (literary)
- 親族 / 亲族 (qīnzú)
- 墓壙 / 墓圹 (mùkuàng) (literary, or Hokkien)
- 墓壙空 / 墓圹空 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 墓穴 (mùxué)
- 墓窟 (Hokkien)
- 壙穴 / 圹穴 (kuàngxué) (literary)
- 泉壤 (quánrǎng) (literary)
- 玄宅 (xuánzhái) (literary)
- 窀穸 (literary)
Compounds
References
- ^ Schuessler, Axel (2007) ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, page 466
Further reading
Japanese
Kanji
室
(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
- room
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
室 • (muro)
- cellar; storage chamber
- an ancient type of pithouse
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 室 (MC syit).
Pronunciation
Noun
室 • (shitsu)
- room
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 室 (MC syit).
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
室 (eumhun 집 실 (jip sil))
- hanja form? of 실 (“room”)
Compounds
- 객실 (客室, gaeksil)
- 거실 (居室, geosil)
- 과학실 (科學室, gwahaksil)
- 교실 (敎室, gyosil)
- 내실 (內室, naesil)
- 별실 (別室, byeolsil)
- 빙실 (氷室, bingsil)
- 사무실 (事務室, samusil)
- 석실 (石室, seoksil)
- 실내 (室內, sillae)
- 암실 (暗室, amsil)
- 왕실 (王室, wangsil)
- 정실 (正室, jeongsil)
- 측실 (側室, cheuksil)
- 침실 (寢室, chimsil)
- 탈의실 (脫衣室, taruisil)
- 화장실 (化粧室, hwajangsil)
- 황실 (皇室, hwangsil)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
室: Hán Nôm readings: thất
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