将軍

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See also: 將軍 and 将军

Japanese

Kanji in this term
将 軍
しょう
Grade: 6 		ぐん
Grade: 4
kan'on kan'yōon
Alternative spelling
將軍 (kyūjitai)
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Etymology

/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/

From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Min Nan 將軍／将军 (chiong-kun), Eastern Min 將軍／将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).

The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しょーぐん (Heiban – )[3]
  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (shōgun) ←しやうぐん (syaugun)?

  1. (military) a commander of troops, especially of an expeditionary or frontline force
    1. (Kawanakajima shogi) A piece in Kawanakajima shōgi
  2. (military) Synonym of 将官 (shōkan): a general officer
  3. (military, historical) a shogun, supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan

Usage notes

In the modern military system, shōgun refers to any military officers who have the ranks ending in 将 (-shō), for example: 大将 (taishō), 中将 (chūjō), 少将 (shōshō), and 准将 (junshō).

Coordinate terms

Kawanakajima Shogi pieces (川中島将棋の駒)
Pieces 将軍 近衛 士官 軍曹 騎兵 砲兵 歩兵
Abbr.* 将 近 士 軍 騎 砲 歩
*The abbreviations are only used as a typographical convention. They are pronounced the same as their full names.

Derived terms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Danish: shogun c
  • → English: shogun
  • → French: shogun m
  • → Indonesian: syogun
  • → Italian: shogun m
  • → Polish: siogun m
  • → Portuguese: xogum

See also

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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