尚

Translingual

Alternative forms

• 𫩠 (when used at the top of a character)

Han character

Stroke order

尚 (Kangxi radical 42, 小+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 火月口 (FBR), four-corner 9022₇, composition ⿱⺌冋)

Derived characters

• 倘 埫 徜 惝 敞 淌 緔(绱) 耥 趟 躺 鋿 鞝 㭻 㲂 䊑 䠀 䣊 𣎃

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 297, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7493
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 563, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5C1A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 尚
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) : semantic 八 + phonetic 向 (OC *hljaŋs, *hlaŋs).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *zrjaŋ ~ rjaŋ (“uncle, superior”) (STEDT; cf. Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“, upper part, rise, raise, top, summit”)). Cognate with 丈 (OC *daŋʔ) "gentleman, older man, husband", Tibetan ཨ་ཞང (a zhang, “maternal uncle”), Burmese အရှင် (a.hrang, “master, lord”), etc.

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

尚

1. still; yet

   年紀尚幼／年纪尚幼  ―  niánjì shàng yòu  ―  still young

   不良反應：尚不明確。 [MSC, trad.]
   不良反应：尚不明确。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bùliángfǎnyìng: shàng bù míngquè.

   Adverse reactions: still unclear.

2. (literary, or in compounds) even

   • 天地尚不能久，而況於人乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     天地尚不能久，而况于人乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE

     Tiāndì shàng bùnéng jiǔ, ér kuàng yú rén hū?

     If Heaven and Earth cannot make such (spasmodic) actings last long, how much less can man!

3. to value; to esteem; to worship

   尚武  ―  shàngwǔ  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. (obsolete) to assist; to administer (for the emperor)
5. prevailing custom

   時尚／时尚  ―  shíshàng  ―  fashion

6. (literary, or in compounds) noble; virtuous
7. (obsolete) Alternative form of 上 (“to exceed”)

   • 今天下地醜德齊，莫能相尚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今天下地丑德齐，莫能相尚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jīn tiānxià dìchǒudéqí, mò néng xiàng shàng.

     Now throughout the kingdom, the territories of the princes are of equal extent, and in their achievements they are on a level. Not one of them is able to exceed the others.

8. a surname: Shang

   尚可喜  ―  Shàng Kěxǐ  ―  Shang Kexi (Chinese general of the Ming and Qing Dynasties)

Synonyms

• (still):

• (even):

• (to value):

• (noble):

Descendants

• → Tangut: → 𗊻 (*śjo²) (transliteration)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

尚

1. Used in 尚羊 (chángyáng).
2. Variant pronunciation used in 尚書／尚书 (shàngshū, “position of the chief secretary”).

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 尙)

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←じやう (zyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: くわえる (kuwaeru, くわえる)^{←くはへる (kufaferu, 尚へる, historical)}; たかい (takai, 尚い); たかめる (takameru, 尚める); たっとぶ (tattobu, 尚ぶ); とうとぶ (tōtobu, 尚ぶ)^{←たふとぶ (tafutobu, 尚ぶ, historical)}; とうとい (tōtoi, 尚い)^{←たふとい (tafutoi, 尚い, historical)}; なお (nao, 尚)^{←なほ (nafo, なほ, historical)}; ねがう (negau, 尚う)^{←ねがふ (negafu, 尚ふ, historical)}
• Nanori: さね (sane); たか (taka); たかし (takashi); なか (naka); なり (nari); ひさ (hisa); ひさし (hisashi); まさ (masa); まし (mashi); ます (masu); よし (yoshi); より (yori)

Compounds

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 尚 (MC dzyangH).

Affix

尚(しょう) • (shō) ^{←しやう (syau)?}

1. esteem, respect
2. high status
3. long time
4. furthermore, still, yet

Proper noun

尚(しょう) • (Shō) ^{←しやう (syau)?}

1. a surname used by the Ryukyu royal family
2. a male or female given name

Etymology 2

Proper noun

尚(なお) • (Nao) ^{←なほ (nafo)?}

1. a male or female given name

Etymology 3

Nominalization of classical adjective 高し (takashi), modern 高い (takai, “high”).

Proper noun

尚(たかし) • (Takashi) 

1. a surname
2. a male given name

Etymology 4

Nominalization of classical adjective 久し (hisashi), modern 久しい (hisashii, “long time”).

Proper noun

尚(ひさし) • (Hisashi) 

1. a male or female given name

Korean

Hanja

尚 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

尚: Hán Nôm readings: chuộng, thượng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.