尽きる

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
尽
つ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
盡きる (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Old Japanese tuki2. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, spelled phonetically in man'yōgana as 都奇,[1] and in the Nihonshoki kayō (completed 720 CE) under the phonetic man'yōgana 豆紀.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「尽きる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		尽きる つきる
Imperative (命令形) 尽きろ つきろ
Key constructions
Passive 尽きられる つきられる
Causative 尽きさせる つきさせる
Potential - - -
Volitional 尽きよう つきよー
Negative 尽きない つきない
Negative perfective 尽きなかった つきなかった
Formal 尽きます つきます
Perfective 尽きた つきた
Conjunctive 尽きて つきて
Hypothetical conditional 尽きれば つきれば

Verb

尽(つ)きる • (tsukiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 尽(つ)き (tsuki), past 尽(つ)きた (tsukita))

Japanese verb pair
active 尽くす
mediopassive 尽きる
Japanese verb pair
active 尽かす
mediopassive 尽きる
  1. to be used up; to be exhausted; to run out; to become depleted

Conjugation

Conjugation of "尽きる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 尽き つき tsuki
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 尽き つき tsuki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 尽きる つきる tsukiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 尽きる つきる tsukiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 尽きれ つきれ tsukire
Meireikei ("imperative") 尽きよ¹
尽きろ² 		つきよ¹
つきろ² 		tsukiyo¹
tsukiro²
Key constructions
Passive 尽きられる つきられる tsukirareru
Causative 尽きさせる
尽きさす 		つきさせる
つきさす 		tsukisaseru
tsukisasu
Potential 尽きられる
尽きれる³ 		つきられる
つきれる³ 		tsukirareru
tsukireru³
Volitional 尽きよう つきよう tsukiyō
Negative 尽きない
尽きぬ
尽きん 		つきない
つきぬ
つきん 		tsukinai
tsukinu
tsukin
Negative continuative 尽きず つきず tsukizu
Formal 尽きます つきます tsukimasu
Perfective 尽きた つきた tsukita
Conjunctive 尽きて つきて tsukite
Hypothetical conditional 尽きれば つきれば tsukireba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Classical conjugation of "尽く" (カ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 尽き つき tuki
Continuative (連用形) 尽き つき tuki
Terminal (終止形) 尽く つく tuku
Attributive (連体形) 尽くる つくる tukuru
Realis (已然形) 尽くれ つくれ tukure
Imperative (命令形) 尽きよ つきよ tukiyo
Key constructions
Negative 尽きず つきず tukizu
Contrasting conjunction 尽くれど つくれど tukuredo
Causal conjunction 尽くれば つくれば tukureba
Conditional conjunction 尽きば つきば tukiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 尽きき つきき tukiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 尽きけり つきけり tukikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 尽きつ つきつ tukitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 尽きぬ つきぬ tukinu
Perfect-continuative tense 尽きたり つきたり tukitari
Volitional 尽きむ つきむ tukimu

References

  1. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4458:
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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