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U+611A, 愚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-611A

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 61, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田月心 (WBP), four-corner 60332, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 395, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10946
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2321, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+611A

Chinese

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋo) : phonetic (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) + semantic (heart) – stupid.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • ngṳ̀ - literary;
  • kṳ̀ - vernacular.
Note: ngu5 - Chaoyang.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /y³⁵/
Harbin /y⁴⁴/
Tianjin /y⁴⁵/
Jinan /y²¹³/
Qingdao /y²¹³/
Zhengzhou /y⁴²/
Xi'an /y²⁴/
Xining /y²⁴/
Yinchuan /y⁵³/
Lanzhou /y¹³/
Ürümqi /y²¹³/
Wuhan /y²¹³/
Chengdu /y³¹/
Guiyang /i²¹/
Kunming /i³¹/
Nanjing /y²⁴/
Hefei /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /y¹¹/
Pingyao /y¹³/
Hohhot /y³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ȵy²³/
Suzhou /ȵy¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵy³¹/
Hui Shexian /ny⁴⁴/
Tunxi /y⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
Xiangtan /y¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /ŋi¹¹/
Taoyuan /ŋi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
Nanning /y²¹/
Hong Kong /jy²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /gu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ŋy⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋy⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋõ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zi³¹/
/ŋai³¹/ 訓獃

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨo/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋio/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋuə̆/
Li
Rong
/ŋio/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15919
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋo/

Definitions

  1. foolish; stupid
  2. to fool; to dupe
  3. (humble) I

Synonyms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (gu)
  • Korean: 우(愚) (u)
  • Vietnamese: ngu ()

Others:

  • Lao: ໂງ່ (ngō)
  • Thai: โง่ (ngôo, ignorant; stupid; unintelligent)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. bullshit
  2. foolish
  3. absurdity
  4. stupid

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC ngju).

Pronunciation

Adjective

() (gu-na (adnominal () (gu na), adverbial () (gu ni))

  1. foolish
    Synonym: 愚か (oroka)

Inflection

Noun

() (gu

  1. foolishness, folly
    • 1900, 田中正造, 亡國に至るを知らざれば之れ即ち亡國の儀に付質問, 青空文庫:
      (おのれ)()()れば(すなは)()にあらず、(おのれ)()なることを()らなければ(これ)(しん)()である。
      onore no gu o shireba sunawachi gu ni arazu, onore no gu naru koto o shiranakereba kore ga shin no gu de aru.
      if you know your own foolishness, then you are not foolish. If you do not know that you are foolish, this is true foolishness.

Derived terms

Pronoun

() (gu

  1. (humble) I, me

Korean

Hanja

(u) (hangeul , revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Adjective

(ngu)

  1. stupid; doltish; foolish