憂ふ

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Japanese

Pronunciation

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Verb

憂(うれ)ふ • (urefu) †nidan

  1. Classical Japanese form of うれえる (ureeru, “to be anxious; to mourn”)
  2. Classical Japanese form of うれう (ureu, “to be anxious; to lament”)

Usage notes

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "憂ふ" (ハ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 憂ひ うれひ urefi
Continuative (連用形) 憂ひ うれひ urefi
Terminal (終止形) 憂ふ うれふ urefu
Attributive (連体形) 憂ふる うれふる urefuru
Realis (已然形) 憂ふれ うれふれ urefure
Imperative (命令形) 憂ひよ うれひよ urefiyo
Key constructions
Negative 憂ひず うれひず urefizu
Contrasting conjunction 憂ふれど うれふれど urefuredo
Causal conjunction 憂ふれば うれふれば urefureba
Conditional conjunction 憂ひば うれひば urefiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 憂ひき うれひき urefiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 憂ひけり うれひけり urefikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 憂ひつ うれひつ urefitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 憂ひぬ うれひぬ urefinu
Perfect-continuative tense 憂ひたり うれひたり urefitari
Volitional 憂ひむ うれひむ urefimu
Classical conjugation of "憂ふ" (ハ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 憂へ うれへ urefe
Continuative (連用形) 憂へ うれへ urefe
Terminal (終止形) 憂ふ うれふ urefu
Attributive (連体形) 憂ふる うれふる urefuru
Realis (已然形) 憂ふれ うれふれ urefure
Imperative (命令形) 憂へよ うれへよ urefeyo
Key constructions
Negative 憂へず うれへず urefezu
Contrasting conjunction 憂ふれど うれふれど urefuredo
Causal conjunction 憂ふれば うれふれば urefureba
Conditional conjunction 憂へば うれへば urefeba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 憂へき うれへき urefeki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 憂へけり うれへけり urefekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 憂へつ うれへつ urefetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 憂へぬ うれへぬ urefenu
Perfect-continuative tense 憂へたり うれへたり urefetari
Volitional 憂へむ うれへむ urefemu
Classical conjugation of "憂ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 憂は うれは urefa
Continuative (連用形) 憂ひ うれひ urefi
Terminal (終止形) 憂ふ うれふ urefu
Attributive (連体形) 憂ふ うれふ urefu
Realis (已然形) 憂へ うれへ urefe
Imperative (命令形) 憂へ うれへ urefe
Key constructions
Negative 憂はず うれはず urefazu
Contrasting conjunction 憂へど うれへど urefedo
Causal conjunction 憂へば うれへば urefeba
Conditional conjunction 憂はば うれはば urefaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 憂ひき うれひき urefiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 憂ひけり うれひけり urefikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 憂ひつ うれひつ urefitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 憂ひぬ うれひぬ urefinu
Perfect-continuative tense 憂へり
憂ひたり		 うれへり
うれひたり		 ureferi
urefitari
Volitional 憂はむ うれはむ urefamu

References

  1. ^ “憂ふ”, in 日本国語大辞典 ‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
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