應

Translingual

Han character

應 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 戈人土心 (IOGP) or 戈土心 (IGP), four-corner 0023₁, composition ⿸䧹心)

Derived characters

• 㒣, 𡄖, 𡾶, 㣹, 𪯂, 㶐, 𭺓, 𥌾, 𥗡, 𧕄, 軈, 𮫪, 𪈠, 𧃽

Related characters

• 応 (Japanese shinjitai)
• 应 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11330
• Dae Jaweon: page 746, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2359, character 3
• Unihan data for U+61C9

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯŋ, *qɯŋs) : phonetic 䧹 (OC *qɯŋ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

應

1. should; ought to

   應得／应得  ―  yīngdé  ―  due; well deserved

   理應如此／理应如此  ―  lǐyīng rúcǐ  ―  it should be this way

   如遇此類情況，應予以拒絕。 [MSC, trad.]
   如遇此类情况，应予以拒绝。 [MSC, simp.]

   Rú yù cǐ lèi qíngkuàng, yīng yǔyǐ jùjué.

   If you encounter this type of situation, you should reject it.

   • 文王既勤止，我應受之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     文王既勤止，我应受之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wénwáng jì qín zhǐ, wǒ yīng shòu zhī.

     King Wen laboured earnestly; Right is it we should have received .

2. to consent to; to agree
3. (literary) perhaps; maybe

   • 秋來應瘦盡，偏自著腰身。 [MSC, trad.]
     秋来应瘦尽，偏自着腰身。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xu Ling (徐陵)

     Qiū lái yīng shòu jìn, piān zì zhù yāoshēn.

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 此曲祇應天上有，人間能得幾回聞？ [MSC, trad.]
     此曲只应天上有，人间能得几回闻？ [MSC, simp.]

     From: Tang Dynasty, Du Fu

     Cǐ qǔ qí yīng tiānshàng yǒu, rénjiān néng dé jǐ huí wén?

     This tune is perhaps only present in Heaven; how many times can you hear this in the human world?

Synonyms

• (ought to):

• (to consent):

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to consent”):

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

應

1. to answer; to reply

   回應／回应  ―  huíyìng  ―  to respond

   十問九唔應／十问九唔应 [Cantonese]  ―  sap⁶ man⁶ gau² m⁴ jing³   ―  to be not responsive

   • 老子漠然不應。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     老子漠然不应。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Lǎozǐ mòrán bù yìng.

     Laozi looked indifferent, and gave him no answer.

2. to permit; to promise

   有求必應／有求必应  ―  yǒuqiúbìyìng  ―  to grant whatever is requested

   • 穆巴拉克總統歡迎並感謝江澤民主席應他的邀請來到亞歷山大與他會晤。 [MSC, trad.]
     穆巴拉克总统欢迎并感谢江泽民主席应他的邀请来到亚历山大与他会晤。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 孟宇红, 朱梦魁 (2000 April 18) “江泽民主席会见穆巴拉克总统”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 6

     Mùbālākè zǒngtǒng huānyíng bìng gǎnxiè Jiāng Zémín zhǔxí yìng tā de yāoqǐng láidào Yàlìshāndà yǔ tā huìwù.

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. to agree; to echo; to go along with
4. to handle; to deal with

   應急／应急  ―  yìngjí  ―  to deal with an emergency

   • 樞始得其環中，以應無窮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     枢始得其环中，以应无穷。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Shū shǐ dé qí huánzhōng, yǐ yìng wúqióng.

     As soon as one finds this pivot, he stands in the centre of the ring (of thought), where he can respond without end to the changing views.

5. (of words, etc.) to come true; to be confirmed

   應驗／应验  ―  yìngyàn  ―  to be confirmed

6. to suit; to fit

   應時／应时  ―  yìngshí  ―  seasonable

7. to accept

   應約／应约  ―  yìngyuē  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

8. (Cantonese) impactful
9. (Cantonese) exact
10. 41st tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "response" (𝌮)
11. (～縣) Ying County (a county of Shuozhou, Shanxi, China)

Synonyms

• (to promise):

• (to come true): 應驗／应验 (yìngyàn)

Descendants

Others:

• → English: Ying

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 應姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 應氏 (Cantonese)
• Eng (sim-pêng) (Southern Min)
• Yīng (English)

Definitions

應

1. a surname

Descendants

• → English: Ying

References

• “應”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 応)

1. Kyūjitai form of 応

Readings

• Go-on: おう (ō)^{←おう (ou, historical)}
• Kan-on: よう (yō)^{←よう (you, historical)}
• Kun: こたえる (kotaeru, 應える)^{←こたへる (kotaferu, 應へる, historical)}; いらえる (iraeru, 應える)^{←いらへる (iraferu, 應へる, historical)}; あたる (ataru, 應る); まさに (masani, 應に)

Definitions

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 應 (MC 'ingH).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

應

Wikisource

應 (eumhun 응할 응 (eunghal eung))

1. Hanja form^? of 응 (“to answer; to respond”).

Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 應 (MC 'ing).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

應 (eumhun 응당(應當) 응 (eungdang( 應當 ) eung))

1. Hanja form^? of 응 (“should; ought to”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

應: Hán Nôm readings: ứng, ưng, ừng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.