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Pictogram (象形) of an axe or halberd, almost identical to 戊 and similar to 戈.
Etymology 1
Smith (2011) proposes that 戌 (OC*smid), graphically depicting an ax or halberd, is a nominal derivative of the verb 滅 (OC*med) "to annihilate" "by the multivalent prefix *s- (‘annihilate’ > ‘annihilator’ and thus ‘axe’)", and it was used to name the late, broad waxing crescent moon.
Association with the dog was possibly arbitrary, just as how 辰 was associated arbitarily with the dragon (see Ferlus, 2013).