戚
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See also: 慼
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Translingual
Han character
戚 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹卜一火 (IHYMF), four-corner 53200, composition ⿵戊尗)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 412, character 38
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11594
- Dae Jaweon: page 755, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1406, character 15
- Unihan data for U+621A
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
戚 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 慼／戚 慽 鏚／𬭭 𡫁 | |
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 椒 | *ʔsliw |
| 茮 | *ʔsliw |
| 踧 | *l'ɯːwɢ, *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 蔋 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 惄 | *nɯːwɢ |
| 戚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慼 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 鏚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慽 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 磩 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 寂 | *zlɯːwɢ |
| 嘁 | *ʔsluːb |
| 墄 | *sʰlɯːɡ |
| 摵 | *srɯːɡ, *ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ |
| 督 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 錖 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 裻 | *ʔl'uːwɢ, *sluːwɢ |
| 傶 | *ʔslɯːwɢ |
| 蹙 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 槭 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 縬 | *ʔslɯwɢ, *ʔsrɯwɢ |
| 顣 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 敊 | *l̥ʰɯwɢ |
| 琡 | *ʔljɯwɢ, *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 俶 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 埱 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 淑 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 婌 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 尗 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 叔 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 掓 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 菽 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 鮛 | *hljɯwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰlɯːwɢ) : semantic 戊 (“scythe”) + phonetic 尗 (OC *hljɯwɢ) – in early sense, a battle-axe, a kind of cutting weapon.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cik1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhit
- Northern Min (KCR): chĭ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiq / 7tshiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ci
- Wade–Giles: chʻi1
- Yale: chī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cik1
- Yale: chīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsik7
- Guangdong Romanization: qig1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɪk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
- Hakka Romanization System: qidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qid5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
- Tâi-lô: tshiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshek
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tshek
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tʰˤiwk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰlɯːwɢ/
Definitions
戚
- ⁜ maternal relatives
- 外戚 ― wàiqī ― relatives of the emperor's mother's or wife's side
- (by extension) relatives
- to be related to
- sad
- † battle-axe
- 形天與帝至此（奇肱之國）爭神，帝斷其首，葬之長羊之山。乃以乳為目，以臍為口，操干戚以舞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Mountains and Seas
- Xíngtiān yǔ dì zhì cǐ (jī gōng zhī guó) zhēng shén, dì duàn qí shǒu, zàng zhī chángyáng zhī shān. Nǎi yǐ rǔ wéi mù, yǐ qí wéi kǒu, cāo gān qī yǐ wǔ.
- When Xingtian fought with the Supreme Deity there (the land of people with odd/uneven upper-arms), the Supreme Deity decapitated him and buried his head at Changyang Mountain. nipples became his eyes, his belly button became his mouth and the thrusting of his shield and battle-axe became his dance.
形天与帝至此（奇肱之国）争神，帝断其首，葬之长羊之山。乃以乳为目，以脐为口，操干戚以舞。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
- 戚繼光／戚继光 ― Qī Jìguāng ― Qi Jiguang (Ming dynasty general)
Compounds
- 串親戚／串亲戚
- 休戚 (xiūqī)
- 休戚相關／休戚相关 (xiūqīxiāngguān)
- 休戚與共／休戚与共 (xiūqīyǔgòng)
- 內戚／内戚
- 右戚
- 同休共戚
- 哀戚 (āiqī)
- 國戚／国戚 (guóqī)
- 國戚皇親／国戚皇亲
- 外戚 (wàiqī)
- 干戚
- 悲悲戚戚
- 悲戚 (bēiqī)
- 愁戚戚
- 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī)
- 懿戚
- 戚串
- 戚容
- 戚屬／戚属
- 戚戚
- 戚施 (qīshī)
- 戚族
- 戚然
- 戚舊／戚旧
- 戚誼／戚谊 (qīyì)
- 戚里
- 戚黨／戚党
- 攀親引戚／攀亲引戚
- 朱干玉戚
- 欣戚
- 炊臼之戚
- 王公貴戚／王公贵戚
- 甯戚扣角
- 甯戚飯牛／甯戚饭牛
- 皇親國戚／皇亲国戚 (huángqīnguóqī)
- 籧篨戚施
- 自詒伊戚／自诒伊戚
- 自貽伊戚／自贻伊戚
- 親戚／亲戚
- 貴戚／贵戚 (guìqī)
- 高朋故戚
- 鼓盆之戚
Japanese
Kanji
戚
- grieve
Readings
- Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
- Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
- On: そく (soku)
- Kun: みうち (miuchi, 戚)、いたむ (itamu, 戚む)、うれえる (ureeru, 戚える)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 戚 (MC tshek). Recorded as Middle Korean 쳑 (chyek) (Yale: chyek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
戚 (eumhun 친척 척 (chincheok cheok))
Compounds
Compounds
References
Vietnamese
Han character
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