扼する

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
扼
やく
Hyōgai
goon

Etymology

From classical verb 扼す (yakusu).

Pronunciation

Verb

扼(やく)する • (yakusuru) suru (stem 扼(やく)し (yakushi), past 扼(やく)した (yakushita))

  1. to clasp, to hold tightly, to command
    • 1939, Eiji Yoshikawa, Taiko, Tokyo: Kodansha, published 1990:
      文(ぶん)化(か)的(てき)には、ここは沃(よく)野(や)をかかえ、嶮(けん)山(ざん)を負(お)い、京(きょう)都(と)諸(しょ)地(ち)方(ほう)への交(こう)通(つう)路(ろ)を扼(やく)して、天(てん)産(さん)に恵(めぐ)まれ、農(のう)工(こう)も旺(さか)んだし、— 水(みず)は麗(うるわ)しく、女(おんな)もきれいだが、日(ひ)吉(よし)は心(こころ)のうちで、「腐(す)えている！」と、観(み)た。
      Bunka-teki ni wa, koko wa yokuya o kakae, kenzan o oi, Kyōto shochihō e no kōtsūro o yakushite, tensan ni megumare, nōkō mo sakandashi,— mizu wa uruwashiku, onna mo kirei da ga, Hiyoshi wa kokoro no uchi de,“Sueteiru!” to, mita.
      Culturally, this place held fertile plains, bore steep mountains, commanded the travel routes to Kyoto and several other regions, and was blessed with natural products; agriculture and industry were abundant — the water was pure and the women were beautiful, but Hiyoshi, in his heart, looked at it and thought, “It's rotting!”
  2. to hold down, to press down, to crush, to repress
  3. to press a point

Conjugation

Conjugation of "扼する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 扼さ
扼し 		やくさ
やくし 		yakusa
yakushi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 扼し やくし yakushi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 扼する やくする yakusuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 扼する やくする yakusuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 扼すれ やくすれ yakusure
Meireikei ("imperative") 扼せ
扼しろ
扼せよ 		やくせ
やくしろ
やくせよ 		yakuse
yakushiro
yakuseyo
Key constructions
Passive 扼される やくされる yakusareru
Causative 扼させる
扼さす 		やくさせる
やくさす 		yakusaseru
yakusasu
Potential 扼せる やくせる yakuseru
Volitional 扼そう
扼しよう 		やくそう
やくしよう 		yakusō
yakushiyō
Negative 扼さない
扼しない 		やくさない
やくしない 		yakusanai
yakushinai
Negative continuative 扼さず やくさず yakusazu
Formal 扼します やくします yakushimasu
Perfective 扼した やくした yakushita
Conjunctive 扼して やくして yakushite
Hypothetical conditional 扼すれば
扼せば 		やくすれば
やくせば 		yakusureba
yakuseba
Classical conjugation of "扼す" (サ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 扼せ やくせ yakuse
Continuative (連用形) 扼し やくし yakusi
Terminal (終止形) 扼す やくす yakusu
Attributive (連体形) 扼する やくする yakusuru
Realis (已然形) 扼すれ やくすれ yakusure
Imperative (命令形) 扼せよ やくせよ yakuseyo
Key constructions
Negative 扼せず やくせず yakusezu
Contrasting conjunction 扼すれど やくすれど yakusuredo
Causal conjunction 扼すれば やくすれば yakusureba
Conditional conjunction 扼せば やくせば yakuseba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 扼しき やくしき yakusiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 扼しけり やくしけり yakusikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 扼しつ やくしつ yakusitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 扼しぬ やくしぬ yakusinu
Perfect-continuative tense 扼せり
扼したり		 やくせり
やくしたり		 yakuseri
yakusitari
Volitional 扼せむ やくせむ yakusemu

Idioms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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