招縄

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Japanese

招縄 (okinawa): A late-1700s picture of a woman with a falcon. The red cords are the jesses.
Kanji in this term
招 縄
おき
Grade: 5 		なわ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
招繩 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Compound of 招き (oki, “calling over, inviting over, bringing over”, the stem or continuative form of verb 招く (oku, “to call over, invite over, bring over”)) +‎ 縄 (nawa, “rope, cord”). The verb oku has mostly fallen out of use in this sense, persisting in certain niche fields such as falconry.

One source cites this to the Nippo Jisho of 1603, but the term apparently has no actual entry in the original work, but only appears in the Japanese translated version. The next earliest cite is from the 禰津松鴎軒記 (Nezushō Ōkenki), sometime after the Muromachi period.


Pronunciation

Noun

招(おき)縄(なわ) • (okinawa) ←をきなは (wokinafa)?

  1. a jess: a strap secured to the ankle of a falcon or other bird of prey to aid in controlling and training
    Synonyms: 綜緒 (heo), 足緒 (ashio)
    • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho:
      †Voqinaua. ヲキナワ (招縄) 鷹 〔の脚〕につないだままで, ゆるめて飛ばせるための長い縄.
      † Wokinawa. A long cord left attached to a hawk's legs, such that letting it loose allows the hawk to fly.

References

  1. ^ “おき‐なわ［をきなは］ 【招縄】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) Paid subscription required‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available 【招縄】 here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.) The Nippo Jisho quotation (not available in the concise edition) reads:

    Voqinaua （ヲキナワ）
    Wokinawa.


    The next quotation from the Nezushō Ōkenki reads:

    をき縄の寸の事。はたひろ也
    The sun of an inviting cord . Also called 機尋 (hatahiro, “a yōkai arising from a cloth woven on a loom that transforms into a snake”)

  2. ^ In Portuguese orthography of the time, the term would be spelled voqinava or voqinaua. This would come shortly below the voqimite entry highlighted here in the edition available via Google Books.
  3. ^ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN, page 716.
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