Kanji in this term |
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挿 |
す Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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插げる (kyūjitai) 箝げる |
Regular shift from classical form 挿ぐ (sugu).
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
First cited to a text from 850.
Probably cognate with verb 過ぎる (sugiru, “to pass by; to exceed, to surpass”, classical form sugu), adverb 直ぐ (sugu, “straight through”).
挿げる • (sugeru) transitive ichidan (stem 挿げ (suge), past 挿げた (sugeta))
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 挿げ | すげ | suge | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 挿げ | すげ | suge | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 挿げる | すげる | sugeru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 挿げる | すげる | sugeru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 挿げれ | すげれ | sugere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 挿げよ¹ 挿げろ² |
すげよ¹ すげろ² |
sugeyo¹ sugero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 挿げられる | すげられる | sugerareru | |
Causative | 挿げさせる 挿げさす |
すげさせる すげさす |
sugesaseru sugesasu | |
Potential | 挿げられる 挿げれる³ |
すげられる すげれる³ |
sugerareru sugereru³ | |
Volitional | 挿げよう | すげよう | sugeyō | |
Negative | 挿げない 挿げぬ 挿げん |
すげない すげぬ すげん |
sugenai sugenu sugen | |
Negative continuative | 挿げず | すげず | sugezu | |
Formal | 挿げます | すげます | sugemasu | |
Perfective | 挿げた | すげた | sugeta | |
Conjunctive | 挿げて | すげて | sugete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 挿げれば | すげれば | sugereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |