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See also:
U+634F, 捏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-634F

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 64, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手日土 (QAG) or 手竹難土 (QHXG) or 手竹難一 (QHXM), four-corner 56014, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 434, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12149
  • Dae Jaweon: page 783, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1881, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+634F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *niːɡ) : semantic (hand) + abbreviated phonetic (OC *niːɡ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • lia̍t - literary;
  • ni̍h - vernacular (“to pick with fingers (Xiamen, Quanzhou); to clench (Xiamen, Quanzhou); to press down with one's fingers (Xiamen, Quanzhou)”).
Note:
  • niab4 - literary;
  • noih4/nuêh4 - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /niɛ⁵⁵/
Harbin /niɛ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /nie²¹/
Jinan /ȵiə²¹³/
Qingdao /niə⁴²/
/niə²¹³/ 量詞
Zhengzhou /niɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /niɛ²¹/
Xining /ȵi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /nie¹³/
Lanzhou /ȵiə¹³/
Ürümqi /ȵiɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nie²¹³/
Chengdu /ȵie⁵⁵/
/ȵie³¹/
Guiyang /nie²¹/
Kunming /niɛ³¹/
Nanjing /lieʔ⁵/
Hefei /liɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /niəʔ²/
Pingyao /ȵiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /niaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiaʔ¹/
Suzhou /ȵiaʔ³/
Hangzhou /ȵiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /ȵa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /neʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ȵia⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ȵie²⁴/
Xiangtan /ȵie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋiap̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /nip̚²/
Nanning /nit̚²²/
Hong Kong /nip̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liap̚⁵/
/liap̚³²/ ~造
/niʔ⁵/ ~死
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /niɛʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /niɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /miap̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /nit̚⁵/
/ʔdɛ³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (8)
Final () (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter net
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/net̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/net̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/nɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/nɛt̚/
Li
Rong
/net̚/
Wang
Li
/niet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/niet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
niè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
nit6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 10842
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*niːɡ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to pick with fingers; to pinch
  2. to clench; to hold in the hand; to grip
  3. to knead
  4. to mold; to bring together
  5. to fabricate; to concoct; to make up
  6. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to press down with one's fingers
    手風琴手风琴 [Hokkien]  ―  ni̍h chhiú-hong-khîm [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to press the accordion with one's fingers
Synonyms
  • (to pinch): (Teochew) , (Hokkien)
  • (to clench): ()
  • (to fabricate):

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Southern Min) to grasp tightly; to squeeze
    頷頸 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
    颔颈 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
    tēⁿ ām-kún [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    to hold someone by the neck
    齒膏齿膏 [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  tēⁿ khí-ko [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to squeeze out toothpaste
  2. (Hokkien, Teochew) to pinch
    鼻仔 [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  tēⁿ phīⁿ-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to pinch one's nose
  3. (Hainanese) to hold (a pen, chopsticks, etc.)
  4. (Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien) to press
    [Hokkien]  ―  tēⁿ cheng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to press the bell
Synonyms
See also

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
alternative forms (to pick with fingers)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • lia̍p (“to mold (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan); to bring up (Quanzhou, Taiwan); to fabricate (Taiwan); to do (Xiamen, Quanzhou); to fiddle”);
  • liap - “to bring up (Xiamen, Quanzhou); to fabricate (Xiamen, Quanzhou)”.

    Definitions

    1. (Hokkien) to mold; to knead; to press with one's fingers into certain shapes (of soft objects)
      塗尪仔涂尪仔 [Hokkien]  ―  lia̍p thô͘-ang-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to mold a clay idol
    2. (Hokkien, by extension) to bring up with great pains; to rear with difficulty (a child)
      這個囝仔 [Hokkien, trad.]
      这个囝仔 [Hokkien, simp.]
      Chit-ê kín-á tùi sòe sī góa kah i liap tōa ê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      This child was brought up by me since he/she was small.
    3. (Hokkien, figurative) to fabricate; to concoct; to make up (something false)
      [Hokkien]  ―  loān-liap [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to make things up
    4. (Mainland China Hokkien, by extension) to do; to be engaged in (especially something negative)
      一日啥物啥物工課 [Hokkien, trad.]
      一日啥物啥物工课 [Hokkien, simp.]
      Chi̍t-li̍t m̄ chai leh lia̍p siáⁿ-mi̍h, chòe bô siáⁿ-mi̍h khang-khè. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      I don't know what he's been doing all day, not having able to get anything done.
    5. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to fiddle with one's fingers
      粒仔毋通 [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
      Lia̍p-á m̄-thang khì lia̍p i. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      Don't go fiddling the running sore with your fingers.
    6. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to pick with fingers; to pinch
    7. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to make it together
    8. (Hokkien) a surname
    Synonyms
    • (to fabricate):

    Compounds

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. knead; mix

    Readings

    Compounds

    Korean

    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese (MC net).

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 꾸밀 (kkumil nal))

    1. hanja form? of (knead)

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: nát, nạt, nhét, niết

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