揺れる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
揺
ゆ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
搖れる (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Derived via regular historical processes from the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) intransitive form of classical Japanese verb 揺る (yuru), itself from Old Japanese.

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru. For the Old / Classical form, see the 揺る entry.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ゆれる (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "揺れる"

Stem forms
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	揺れる	ゆれる
Imperative (命令形)	揺れろ	ゆれろ
Key constructions
Passive	揺れられる	ゆれられる
Causative	揺れさせる	ゆれさせる
Potential	揺れられる	ゆれられる
Volitional	揺れよう	ゆれよー
Negative	揺れない	ゆれない
Negative perfective	揺れなかった	ゆれなかった
Formal	揺れます	ゆれます
Perfective	揺れた	ゆれた
Conjunctive	揺れて	ゆれて
Hypothetical conditional	揺れれば	ゆれれば

Verb

揺(ゆ)れる • (yureru) intransitive ichidan (stem 揺(ゆ)れ (yure), past 揺(ゆ)れた (yureta))

Japanese verb pair
active	揺らす
mediopassive	揺れる

to shake, to quake, to sway back and forth
地面(じめん)が揺(ゆ)れた。
Jimen ga yureta.
The earth shook.
to pitch, to roll, to rock, to toss about (such as a ship on rough seas)
to jolt or joggle (such as a vehicle)
to swing back and forth (such as something suspended or hanging)
to flicker, to waver (such as a flame)
to tremble, to vibrate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "揺れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	揺れ	ゆれ	yure
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	揺れ	ゆれ	yure
Shūshikei ("terminal")	揺れる	ゆれる	yureru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	揺れる	ゆれる	yureru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	揺れれ	ゆれれ	yurere
Meireikei ("imperative")	揺れよ¹ 揺れろ²	ゆれよ¹ ゆれろ²	yureyo¹ yurero²
Key constructions
Passive	揺れられる	ゆれられる	yurerareru
Causative	揺れさせる揺れさす	ゆれさせるゆれさす	yuresaseru yuresasu
Potential	揺れられる揺れれる³	ゆれられるゆれれる³	yurerareru yurereru³
Volitional	揺れよう	ゆれよう	yureyō
Negative	揺れない揺れぬ揺れん	ゆれないゆれぬゆれん	yurenai yurenu yuren
Negative continuative	揺れず	ゆれず	yurezu
Formal	揺れます	ゆれます	yuremasu
Perfective	揺れた	ゆれた	yureta
Conjunctive	揺れて	ゆれて	yurete
Hypothetical conditional	揺れれば	ゆれれば	yurereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

揺(ゆ)れ (yure): shaking, swaying, quaking, pitching, rolling, etc. (the noun form of all the above verb senses)

Related terms

揺(ゆ)らす (yurasu): to make something shake, quake, sway, pitch, roll, etc. (the transitive or causative form of all the above verb senses)

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-3] Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

揺れる

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