散

Translingual

Han character

散 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿月人大 (TBOK), four-corner 4824₀, composition ⿰⿱龷月攵)

Derived characters

• 撒, 潵, 橵, 糤, 繖, 鏾, 饊, 霰, 䉈

Descendants

• サ

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 34
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13265
• Dae Jaweon: page 825, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1465, character 15
• Unihan data for U+6563

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 散
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 竹 (“bamboo”) + 攴 (“to knock, to tap”) – to smash bamboos.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *saːnʔ, *saːns) : semantic 肉 + phonetic 𢽳 ().

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjwar ~ g/b-sjwa-n/t (“flow; pour; scatter; spill; sow; broadcast”). Cognate with 撒 (OC *saːd, “to cast away; to let go”), 宣 (OC *sqʰon, “to spread; to proclaim”), Tibetan འཆོར་བ ('chor ba, “to escape; to flow out”), Burmese သွန် (swan, “to pour out; to spill”), Lahu šē (“to sow; to broadcast”), Lahu šêʔ (“to pour; to spill; to disperse; to sow; to broadcast”).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

散

1. free and unfettered
2. natural and restrained; at ease
3. loose; free
4. to become loose; to break apart; to fall apart
5. scattered; fragmentary; odd; apart; sporadic; temporary
6. mixed and disorderly; miscellaneous; random
7. (literature) free from parallelism
8. careless; incautious; inattentive
9. ordinary; useless
10. (traditional Chinese medicine) medicine in powder form
11. (Hokkien) to sprinkle; to spread (such as salt, powder, wood, ashes, medicinal powder, sawdust, fuel, etc.)
12. (Quanzhou and Tong'an Hokkien) to put on the fire (such as wood or fuel)
13. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge
14. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) casually; at random; carelessly; haphazardly; randomly; as one pleases; without restraint or goal

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

散

1. to break up; to disperse; to scatter
2. to distribute; to disseminate
3. to open; to open wide
4. to dissipate; to distract; to find diversion
5. to run away; to escape; to flee
6. to express; to declare; to explain
7. to end; to finish; to be over
8. to lose; to miss
9. to herd; to graze; to walk (animals)
10. chaotic; helter-skelter
11. (Hokkien) to induce sweat
12. (Hokkien) buttoned; fastened with a Chinese button knot or button; buckled; clasped

    長衫散裙／长衫散裙 [Hokkien]  ―  tn̂g-saⁿ sàm-kûn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  long gown and full flowing skirt (full Ming dynasty dress)

13. (Mainland China Hokkien) courageous; fearless
14. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) to stroll; to saunter; to go for a walk
15. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) poor

Synonyms

• (poor):

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. scatter

Readings

• Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
• Kun: ちらかす (chirakasu, 散らかす, Jōyō); ちる (chiru, 散る, Jōyō); ちらす (chirasu, 散らす, Jōyō); ちらかる (chirakaru, 散らかる, Jōyō); ばら (bara, 散)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

散 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)

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Vietnamese

Han character

散: Hán Nôm readings: tản, tảng, tan, tởn, tán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.