新加坡
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Chinese
| phonetic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (新加坡) | 新 | 加 | 坡 | |
| simp. #(新加坡) | 新 | 加 | 坡 | |
Etymology
Borrowed from English Singapore, from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).
Shanghainese sense from 莘嘉浦 via phono-semantic matching.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): san1 gaa3 bo1 / san1 gaa3 po1
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): Sin-ka-pho / Sin-kee-pho / Sin-ka-po
- (Teochew, Peng'im): sing1 gia1 bo1
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1shin-ka-phu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: Xīnjiāpō
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄆㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Sinjiapo
- Wade–Giles: Hsin1-chia1-pʻo1
- Yale: Syīn-jyā-pwō
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shinjiapo
- Palladius: Синьцзяпо (Sinʹczjapo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- Homophones:
新加坡
新嘉坡
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: san1 gaa3 bo1 / san1 gaa3 po1
- Yale: sān ga bō / sān ga pō
- Cantonese Pinyin: san1 gaa3 bo1 / san1 gaa3 po1
- Guangdong Romanization: sen1 ga3 bo1 / sen1 ga3 po1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː³³ pɔː⁵⁵/, /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː³³ pʰɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sîn-kâ-phô / Sîn-kâ-po
- Hakka Romanization System: xinˊ gaˊ poˊ / xinˊ gaˊ bo
- Hagfa Pinyim: xin1 ga1 po1 / xin1 ga1 bo4
- Sinological IPA: /sin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰo²⁴/, /sin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-pho
- Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-pho
- Phofsit Daibuun: sinkaphoy
- IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /sin³³ ka³³ pʰo³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-kee-pho
- Tâi-lô: Sin-kee-pho
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang, Singapore, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-po
- Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-po
- Phofsit Daibuun: sinka'poy
- IPA (Philippines): /sin³³ ka³³ po³³/
- IPA (Singapore): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² po⁴⁴/
- IPA (Penang): /sin³³⁻²¹ ka³³⁻²¹ po³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sing1 gia1 bo1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sing kia po
- Sinological IPA (key): /siŋ³³⁻²³ kia³³⁻²³ po³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
- Wu
Proper noun
新加坡
- Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965); official name: 新加坡共和國 / 新加坡共和国)
- (Shanghainese, slang) Xinzhuang, Jiading and Pudong collectively; three areas in Shanghai surrounding Puxi
Synonyms
- 新國／新国 (Xīnguó), 坡國／坡国 (Pōguó)
- (dated) 新嘉坡 (Xīnjiāpō), 新嘉波 (Xīnjiābō), 星架坡 (Xīngjiàpō), 星架波 (Xīngjiàbō)
- (regional, dated) 實叻／实叻, 實叻坡／实叻坡, 石叻 (Shílè), 息力, 石叻埠, 實叻埠／实叻埠, 叻埠 (Lèfù)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 新加坡 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 新加坡 |
| Malaysia | 新加坡, 新國 | |
| Singapore | 新加坡, 星洲 nickname, 獅城 nickname, 小紅點 nickname, 石叻 dated, 石叻埠 dated, 叻埠 dated | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 星加坡, 叻埠 |
| Hong Kong | 新加坡, 星加坡, 星國, 星洲 nickname, 叻埠 dated | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 星加坡 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 星加坡 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 星加坡 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 新加坡, 石叻 dated |
| Quanzhou | 新加坡 | |
| Zhangzhou | 新加坡 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 新加坡, 實叻坡 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 新加坡, 獅城, 石叻 dated | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 新加坡 | |
| Jieyang | 石叻 dated, 叻埠 dated | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 新加坡, 星洲 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 新加坡 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 新加坡 |
Derived terms
References
- Duffus, William (1883) “Singapore”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 245
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 新 | 加 | 坡 |
Proper noun
新加坡
- chữ Hán form of Tân Gia Ba (“(dated or historical) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))”)
Adjective
新加坡
- chữ Hán form of Tân Gia Ba (“(dated) Singaporean”)