日居月諸

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Chinese

sun modal particle moon modal particle
trad. (日居月諸)
simp. (日居月诸)

Etymology

From Shijing, Odes Of Bei, "Sun and Moon":

日居月諸照臨下土
乃如古處
[Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
日居月诸照临下土
乃如古处
[Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Rìjīyuèzhū, zhàolín xiàtǔ.
Nǎirú zhī rén xī, shì bù gǔchù.
Hú néng yǒu dìng, nìng bù wǒ gù.
O sun; O moon, which enlighten this lower earth!
Here is the man, who treats me not according to the ancient rule.
How can he get his mind settled? Would he then not regard me?

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1 1/2
Initial () (38) (28) (31) (23)
Final () (48) (19) (68) (22)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed Open
Division () III III III III
Fanqie
Baxter nyit ki ngjwot tsyo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵiɪt̚/ /kɨ/ /ŋʉɐt̚/ /t͡ɕɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵit̚/ /kɨ/ /ŋʷiɐt̚/ /t͡ɕiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑjet̚/ /kie/ /ŋiuɐt̚/ /t͡ɕiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵit̚/ /kɨ/ /ŋuat̚/ /cɨə̆/
Li
Rong
/ȵiĕt̚/ /kiə/ /ŋiuɐt̚/ /t͡ɕiɔ/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭĕt̚/ /kĭə/ /ŋĭwɐt̚/ /t͡ɕĭo/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/ /ki/ /ŋi̯wɐt̚/ /t͡ɕi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yuè zhū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jat6 gei1 jyut6 zyu1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/3 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yuè zhū
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyit › ‹ kjo › ‹ ngjwot › ‹ tsyo ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.nik/ /*ka/ /*ʷat/ /*ta/
English sun; day final particle moon, month many

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 10845 4209 16319 16959 17000
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 0 3 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njiɡ/ /*kɯ/ /*ŋod/ /*tjaː/ /*tja/

Idiom

日居月諸

  1. (literary) time flies quickly, time is inexorable

See also