曩

曩 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+17, 21 strokes, cangjie input 日卜口女 (AYRV), four-corner 6073₂, composition ⿱日襄)

1. in ancient times, of old, former

• 𭍈, 𡔒, 𭒴, 㶞, 𱮱, 𣌝, 𣡤, 𤓢, 𨰴, 𩟻, 𨤼, 𱿉, 𥸒

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14258
• Dae Jaweon: page 872, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1542, character 4
• Unihan data for U+66E9

Cognate with Tibetan གནའ་བོ (gna' bo, “ancient; in old times”) (Schuessler, 2007).

曩

1. previously; in the past

   • 曩與吾祖居者，今其室十無一焉；與吾父居者，今其室十無二三焉；與吾居十二年者，今其室十無四五焉，非死即徙爾，而吾以捕蛇獨存。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     曩与吾祖居者，今其室十无一焉；与吾父居者，今其室十无二三焉；与吾居十二年者，今其室十无四五焉，非死即徙尔，而吾以捕蛇独存。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. early 9th century, 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan),《捕蛇者說》, translation based on the work by H. A. Giles, 1922.

     Nǎng yǔ wú zǔ jū zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú yī yān; yǔ wú fù jū zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú èr sān yān; yǔ wú jū shí'èr nián zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú sì wǔ yān, fēi sǐ jí xǐ ěr, ér wú yǐ bǔ shé dú cún.

     Of those families which were here in my grandfather’s time, there remains not more than one in ten; of those here in my father’s time, not more than two or three; and of those still here in my own time after twelve years, not more than four or five. They are all either dead or gone elsewhere; while we, the snake-catchers, alone survive.

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. before, former, previous

• Go-on: のう (nō)^{←なう (nau, historical)}
• Kan-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kun: さき (saki, 曩)、さきに (sakini, 曩に)

• 曩時(のうじ) (nōji)
• 曩日(のうじつ) (nōjitsu)
• 曩昔(のうせき) (nōseki)
• 曩祖(のうそ) (nōso)
• 曩莫(のうまく) (nōmaku)

曩 (eum 낭 (nang))

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曩: Hán Nôm readings: nẵng, nán

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