松竹梅

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Chinese

pine bamboo plum flower
trad. (松竹梅) 松 竹 梅
simp. #(松竹梅) 松 竹 梅
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Pronunciation

Noun

松竹梅

  1. pine, bamboo and plum, the three plants which do not wither in winter; the Three Friends of Winter; symbols of resilience and perseverance

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (松竹梅):
  • → Japanese: 松竹梅(しょうちくばい) (shōchikubai)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
松 竹 梅
しょう
Grade: 4 		ちく
Grade: 1 		ばい
Grade: 4
kan'on
Alternative spelling
松竹梅 (kyūjitai)
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Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 松竹梅 (MC zjowng trjuwk mwoj). First cited to a text from 1359.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

松(しょう)竹(ちく)梅(ばい) • (shōchikubai) 

  1. the pine, bamboo, and plum as a set; the three auspicious symbols of the Japanese New Year
    the pine represents strength, the bamboo represents longevity, and the plum represents beauty and optimism
  2. a three-rank system based on grades or classes of certain items

See also

Proper noun

松(しょう)竹(ちく)梅(ばい) • (Shōchikubai) 

  1. name of a late-Edo period 箏曲 (sōkyoku, “koto song”)
  2. name of various 長唄 (nagauta)
  3. name of a 河東節 (katō-bushi) (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  4. name of a rakugo
  5. name of a brand of sake (branded as “Sho Chiku Bai” in English)

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN, text here
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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