柱

Translingual

Stroke order

Japan

Han character

柱 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木卜土 (DYG), four-corner 4091₄, composition ⿰木主)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14660
• Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1188, character 1
• Unihan data for U+67F1

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toʔ, *doʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *duːŋ (“post; column”) (STEDT). Cognate with 拄 (OC *toʔ, “to support”), as well as Proto-Kuki-Chin *tuŋ-I, *tun-II (“to erect; post; vertical”), Proto-Central Naga *tuŋ (“stem; trunk; post; tree”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Pronunciation

Definitions

柱

1. pillar; post; column (Classifier: 條／条 c)
2. column-shaped thing
3. (music) bridge (on a string instrument, such as a guzheng)
4. (Hong Kong Cantonese) flats of the same layout on different floors
   • 2017 January 21, “柏傲灣400伙即日沽清”, in 文匯報 [Wen Wei Po]‎, page A06:

     昨日推售單位中，2B座的A、C及F室「三柱」的一房及兩房間隔率先沽清。 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     昨日推售单位中，2B座的A、C及F室「三柱」的一房及两房间隔率先沽清。 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     zok⁶ jat⁶ teoi¹ sau⁶ daan¹ wai^6-2 zung¹, ji⁶ bi¹ zo⁶ dik¹ ei¹, si¹ kap⁶ ef¹ sat¹ “saam¹ cyu⁵” dik¹ jat¹ fong^4-2 kap⁶ loeng⁵ fong^4-2 gaan³ gaak³ seot¹ sin¹ gu¹ cing¹.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

5. ^† to stand tall and erect
6. ^† stiff
7. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “same word as 拄?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

柱

1. ^† to support; to lean on
2. ^† to block; to obstruct

Compounds

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

柱

1. Only used in 柱夫.

Japanese

Shinjitai	柱
Kyūjitai	柱󠄁 柱+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	柱󠄃 柱+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. pillar
2. (geometry) prism, cylinder

Readings

• Go-on: じゅう (jū)^{←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kun: はしら (hashira, 柱, Jōyō); ことじ (kotoji); ささえる (sasaeru)

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pasira or *parira. Cognate with Okinawan 柱 (hāya).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) はしら​ (Odaka – )
• (Tokyo) はしら (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

柱(はしら) • (hashira) 

1. pillar

Derived terms

• 心(しん)柱(ばしら) (shinbashira)

Counter

柱(はしら) • (-hashira) 

1. gods, spirits, worshipped entity.
2. spirit tablets, cremation remains.

Etymology 2

Suffix

柱(ちゅう) • (-chū) ^{←ちゆう (tyuu)?}

1. (geometry) prism, cylinder

Derived terms

• 角(かく)柱(ちゅう) (kakuchū, “polygonal prism”)
• 三(さん)角(かく)柱(ちゅう) (sankakuchū, “triangular prism”)
• 円(えん)柱(ちゅう) (enchū, “cylinder”)

References

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 柱 (MC drjuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 듀〮 (tyú) (Yale: tyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

柱

Wikisource

柱 (eumhun 기둥 주 (gidung ju))

1. Hanja form^? of 주 (“pillar”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

柱: Hán Nôm readings: trụ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.