桶

	Old Chinese
通	*l̥ʰoːŋ
俑	l̥ʰoːŋ, loŋʔ
蓪	*l̥ʰoːŋ
桶	l̥ʰoːŋʔ, l'oːŋʔ
捅	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛	*l̥ʰoːŋs
筩	*l'oːŋ
誦	*ljoŋs
傭	l̥ʰoŋ, loŋ
慵	*ɦljoŋ
鱅	ɦljoŋ, loŋ
滽	*loŋ
墉	*loŋ
鏞	*loŋ
鄘	*loŋ
槦	*loŋ
銿	*loŋ
甬	*loŋʔ
勇	*loŋʔ
涌	*loŋʔ
踊	*loŋʔ
蛹	*loŋʔ
恿	*loŋʔ
慂	*loŋʔ
悀	*loŋʔ
埇	*loŋʔ
踴	*loŋʔ
庸	*loŋ
用	*loŋs
佣	*loŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ).

Etymology

Compare Khmer ថាំង (thang), Thai ถัง (tǎng).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tǒng (tong³)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tung²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thúng

(Meixian, Guangdong): tung³
Northern Min (KCR): tǒ̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): tūng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tháng / thóng

(Teochew, Peng'im): tang²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶don

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tǒng
  - Wade–Giles: tʻung³
  - Yale: tǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: toong
  - Palladius: тун (tun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tung²
  - Yale: túng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: tung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thúng
  - Hakka Romanization System: tung`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tung³
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tung³
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰʊŋ³¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tǒ̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tháng
  - Tâi-lô: tháng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tarng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰaŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰaŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thóng
  - Tâi-lô: thóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: torng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵³/

Note:

tháng - vernacular;
thóng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: tang²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tháng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ⁵²/

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶don
  - MiniDict: don^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³don
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /doŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: thuwngX, duwngX

Rime
Character	桶	桶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	他孔切	徒揔切
Baxter	thuwngX	duwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuŋ^X/	/duŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuŋ^X/	/duŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰuŋ^X/	/duŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəwŋ^X/	/dəwŋ^X/
Li Rong	/tʰuŋ^X/	/duŋ^X/
Wang Li	/tʰuŋ^X/	/duŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰuŋ^X/	/dʱuŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tǒng	dòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung²	dung⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤoŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːŋʔ/, /*l'oːŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	桶
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tǒng
Middle Chinese	‹ thuwng^X ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁoŋʔ/
English	bucket
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	桶	桶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15431	15435
Phonetic component	用	用
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	侗	動
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰoːŋʔ/	/*l'oːŋʔ/

Definitions

桶

pail; bucket; tub
cask; keg
barrel (unit)
(Philippine Hokkien) million
一桶 [Philippine Hokkien] ― chi̍t-tháng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― one million

Synonyms

(bucket): (Hokkien) 桶仔, 桶奇
(million): 百萬／百万 (bǎiwàn); (Dungan) миллион (million); (Hokkien, Teochew) 面桶

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

桶

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

a tub, a bucket

Readings

Go-on: つう (tsū)
Kan-on: とう (tō)
Kun: おけ (oke, 桶)^{←をけ (woke, をけ, historical)}; こが (koga)
Nanori: おけ (oke); あきら (akira); おけざき (okezaki); とうず (tōzu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
桶
おけ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
麻笥 (uncommon)

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

桶

Wikipedia ^ja

From Old Japanese. First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.

Originally a compound of 麻 (o, “flax, ramie”) +‎ 笥 (ke, “a container, especially for foodstuffs or tableware”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おけ (Atamadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

桶(おけ) • (oke) ^{←をけ (woke)^?}

a tube-shaped container for holding split flax or hemp, usually made of thin cypress wood bent to shape
by extension, a pail, bucket, tub, or basin similar to a barrel in construction, made of long thin pieces of cedar or cypress extending up from a base and held in place with hoops; may be small enough to carry in one hand, or large enough to bathe in
(Noh theater) a stool on stage, on which an actor sits

Synonyms

(bucket): バケツ (baketsu)
(stool): 床(しょう)几(ぎ) (shōgi), 鬘桶(かつらおけ) (katsura oke)

Idioms

桶な物打ち明ける (おけなものうちあける, oke na mono uchiakeru), 桶の物打ち明ける (おけのものうちあける, oke no mono uchiakeru): "open up what's in your bucket" → to come clean to someone, with no hard feelings and no subterfuge
桶が腐れば菜が腐る (おけがくさればながくさる, oke ga kusareba na ga kusaru): "if the bucket rots, the greens rot" → if the surrounding is bad, it affects the inside

Derived terms

桶(おけ)越(ご)し (okegoshi): using an oke to cross a river
桶(おけ)屋(や) (okeya): a person or store that makes, fixes, and/or sells oke and well walls
桶(おけ)火(び) (okebi): the fire in a hioke
火(ひ)桶(おけ) (hioke): a type of wooden hibachi
桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま) (Okehazama): a place in the south of Midori-ku, Nagoya
桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま)焼(や)き (Okehazama-yaki): a style of pottery originating near Okehazama
桶(おけ)結(ゆ)い (okeyui): tying cord bands around an oke; an oke maker, an okeya
桶(おけ)絞(しぼ)り (okeshibori): a cloth dying process whereby the sections to leave undyed are put into oke and closed in with lids
桶(おけ)酸(す)い (okesui): alternate name for 酢(す)の木(き), 酢木(すのき) (sunoki): Vaccinium smallii, var. glabrum, a bush with edible (though sour) berries
桶(おけ)取(と)り (oketori): a scene in a kyōgen farce presented between Noh plays; a woman working as a water carrier
桶(おけ)尻(じり) (okejiri): the aft edge of the hull of a ship in traditional Japanese shipbuilding
桶(おけ)据(す)え (okesue): the hipbone
桶(おけ)川(がわ) (Okegawa): a river in southeast Saitama Prefecture
桶(おけ)側(がわ) (okegawa): the sides of an oke, the staves; a bowl-shaped container for holding trawling lines on a fishing boat
桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō): a type of breastplate made of steel strips bound together, somewhat similar to how okegawa are bound together to make an oke
桶(おけ)大(だい)工(く) (okedaiku): a cooper, a woodworker who specializes in making barrels, oke, and well walls
桶(おけ)胴(どう) (oke dō): alternate name for 桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō); a type of taiko drum
桶(おけ)風(ぶ)呂(ろ) (okeburo): an oke fitted with a firebox for heating bathwater: a traditional Japanese wooden ofuro hottub
桶(おけ)伏(ぶ)せ (okebuse): wearing an oke on one's head: a mob punishment in the pleasure districts of early Edo-period Japan, where non-paying customers would be forced to wear an oke on their heads, were sat down on the side of the street, and forced to pay up

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
桶
こが Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
榼 (rare)

Unknown. First cited to a work from the late 1100s.

May be obsolete; not listed in some dictionaries.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):

Noun

桶(こが) • (koga)

(archaic, possibly obsolete) an oke (tub, bucket, basin) or taru (樽, “barrel”)

References

^ “桶・麻笥”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “榼・桶”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

Korean

Hanja

桶 • (tong, yong) (hangeul 통, 용, revised tong, yong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, yong, Yale thong, yong)

(통 통, tong-): barrel, bucket, can, cask, pail, tub, vat, compare ton, Dut. ton ("vat")

Vietnamese

Han character

桶: Hán Nôm readings: thùng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ2-おけ-1] “桶・麻笥”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[KDJ-2] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-4] 4.0 ^4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[SMK5-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ2-こが-6] “榼・桶”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

桶

Contents

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

See also

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Idioms

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁶	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫／小写)	〇, 零, 空	一, 蜀	二, 兩／两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫／大写)	零	壹	貳／贰	參／叁	肆	伍	陸／陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)