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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Are the noun senses related to the proper noun senses?”)
Likely a compound of 内(utsu-, “inside”, bound form) + 張り(hari, the 連用形(ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of 張る(haru, “to stick; to spread”)), as suggested by various works.
Alternatively, the initial utsu- is connected to utsu-, spelled variously in addition to 内(“inside”) as 全(“all of which is contained in a group”), 空, 虚(“an inner hollow or empty space; an inner void”), which are likely cognates.
There are various theories, such as a derivation from 屋魚(ya na, “house of a fish”), やる魚(yaru na, “a fish to be done”), an abbreviation of 梁簀(yanasu), and a shift from 板庭(itaniwa).
^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 124
↑ 2.02.12.22.3“うつ‐ばり 【梁】”, in 日本国語大辞典(Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
The 語源説(gogensetsu, “etymological theory”) section gives the following theories:
↑ 5.05.1“はり 【梁】”, in 日本国語大辞典(Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 764
↑ 7.07.17.2“やな 【梁・簗】”, in 日本国語大辞典(Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
The 語源説(gogensetsu, “etymological theory”) section gives the following theories:
ヤナ(屋魚)の義〔名言通・和訓栞・大言海〕。
魚がもれないようにするところからヤルナの義か〔和句解〕。
ヤナス(梁簀)の略〔国語の語根とその分類=大島正健〕。
イタニハ(板庭)の反〔名語記〕。
^ “りょう[リャウ] 【梁】”, in 日本国語大辞典(Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)