檜

Translingual

Han character

檜 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木人一日 (DOMA), four-corner 4896₆, composition ⿰木會)

1. Chinese cypress (Cupressus duclouxiana)
2. Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 557, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15676
• Dae Jaweon: page 946, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1303, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6A9C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

檜

1. Chinese juniper

   • 淇水滺滺、檜楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     淇水滺滺、桧楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Qíshuǐ yóuyóu, guìjí sōngzhōu.

     The waters of the Qi flow smoothly; there are the oars of juniper and boats of pine.

Synonyms

• 圓柏／圆柏 (yuánbǎi)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

檜

1. Used in personal names.

   秦檜／秦桧  ―  Qín Huì  ―  Qin Hui

Usage notes

Its use in personal names is now rare because of Qin Hui (1090-1155), a chancellor of the Southern Song who is widely regarded and condemned as a traitor to the Chinese people for his part in the persecution and execution of his political enemy, Yue Fei, a general who fought for the Song against the Jin dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars.

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 桧)

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}; かち (kachi)^{←くわち (kwati, historical)}
• Kan-on: かい (kai)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}; かつ (katsu)^{←くわつ (kwatu, historical)}
• Kun: ひ (hi, 檜); ひのき (hinoki, 檜)

Compounds

• 老檜(ろうかい) (rōkai)
• 翌檜(アスナロ) (asunaro), 翌檜(アスナロウ) (asunarō)

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

ヒノキ

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Chamaecyparis obtusa

Wikipedia

Compound of 檜 (hi, “Japanese cypress”, see below) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”).

The wood and bark was commonly used as tinder, and the term was previously thought to be from 火 (hi, “fire”) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”). However, later research into ancient kana usage in Old Japanese revealed that 檜 had a reading of ⟨pi₁⟩, while 火 was read as ⟨pi₂⟩, ruling out this derivation.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひ​のき (Atamadaka – )
• (Tokyo) ひのき (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

• (Osaka) ひ​のき  (Atamadaka - ) (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

Noun

檜(ひのき) or 檜(ヒノキ) • (hinoki) 

1. the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒノキ.

Derived terms

Descendants

• → English: hinoki
• ⇒ English: hinokitiol

Proper noun

檜(ひのき) • (Hinoki) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

Etymology 2

⟨pi₁⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).

Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.

Noun

檜(ひ) • (hi) 

1. (archaic, or in compounds) the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa

Derived terms

References

Korean

Hanja

檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 회목 (檜木, hoemok, “Japanese cypress”)

See also

Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).

Noun

檜 (pi₁) (kana ひ)

1. the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa
   • 711–712, Kojiki, (poem 100):

     ...麻紀佐久比能美加度...

     ...maki₂ saku pi₁ no mi₁kado₁...

     ...this wooded palace of flourishing cypresses...

Descendants

• Japanese: 檜 (hi, hinoki)

Vietnamese

Han character

檜: Hán Nôm readings: cối

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.