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, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Han character
次 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠 +2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈一弓人 (IMNO ) or 一一弓人 (MMNO ), four-corner 17182 or 37182 , composition ⿰冫 欠 (G J V ) or ⿰二 欠 (H K T ))
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 565 , character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15992
Dae Jaweon: page 954, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2133, character 2
Unihan data for U+6B21
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
咨
*ʔsli
資
*ʔsli
姿
*ʔsli
粢
*ʔsli
諮
*ʔsli
恣
*ʔslis
澬
*ʔsli, *zli
趑
*sʰli
蠀
*sʰli
次
*sn̥ʰis
佽
*sl̥ʰis
絘
*sl̥ʰis
薋
*zli
瓷
*zli
茨
*zli
餈
*zli
垐
*zli, *zlɯɡ
楶
*ʔsliːɡ
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意 ) and possibly phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *sn̥ʰis ) : phonetic 二 ( OC *njis , “ two ” ) + semantic 欠 .
Etymology 1
Probably from *s- + 二 (OC *njis , “two”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-ni-s (Pulleyblank, 1962 ; Sagart and Baxter, 2012 ; STEDT).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : cì (ci4 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄘˋ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : ci4
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : цы (cɨ, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : ci3
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : lhu1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : ci3
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : chhṳ
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : ci4
Jin (Wiktionary ) : ci3
Northern Min (KCR ) : chu̿
Eastern Min (BUC ) : ché̤ṳ
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : chhù / chhìr
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : ce3
Wu (Wugniu )
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : cr4
Mandarin
Cantonese
Gan
Hakka
Jin
Northern Min
Eastern Min
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , Taipei , Kaohsiung , Tainan , Taichung , Yilan , Magong )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Lukang , Sanxia , Kinmen , Hsinchu )
(Teochew )
Wu
Xiang
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
次
次
Reading #
1/2
2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
cì
cì
Middle Chinese
‹ tshijH ›
‹ tshijH ›
Old Chinese
/*i-s/
/*i-s/
English
lodge (v.)
put in order; second
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
次
Reading #
1/1
No.
1794
Phonetic component
次
Rime group
脂
Rime subdivision
2
Corresponding MC rime
次
Old Chinese
/*sn̥ʰis/
Notes
說 文 二 聲 ,甲 金 文 二 或 三 劃 ,似 人 嘆 氣 諮 嗟
Definitions
次
order ; sequence
名次 ― míngcì ― position in a name list; place in a competition
( algebra ) order
next in sequence; second
次 子 ― cì zǐ ― second son
( literary ) to come next in order
( literary ) to arrange into ordered form; to put into sequence ; to impose order ; to compile
inferior ; substandard
次 貨/ 次 货 ― cì huò ― substandard product
Classifier for times, as in frequency. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
上次 ― shàngcì ― last time
次 數/ 次 数 ― cì shù ― number of times; frequency
這 是 我 第 一 次 來 到 北京 。 [MSC , trad. ] 这 是 我 第 一 次 来 到 北京 。 [MSC , simp. ] Zhè shì wǒ dì yī cì lái dào běijīng. This is my first time in Beijing.
( archaic , military ) to station the troops at some place; to hold position at some place
春 王 正月 ,師 次 于 郎 ,以 俟 陳 人 、蔡 人 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 春 王 正月 ,师 次 于 郎 ,以 俟 陈 人 、蔡 人 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: Commentary of Zuo , c. 4th century BCE Chūn wáng zhēngyuè, shī cì yú Láng, yǐ sì Chénrén, Càirén. Spring, the first month (of Zhou calendar), the armies of Lu were stationed at Lang to await those of Chen and Cai.
王 出 三江 按 五湖 ,樓船 跨海 次 揚都 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 王 出 三江 按 五湖 ,楼船 跨海 次 扬都 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: c. 757 , Li Bai , 永王東巡歌·其七 Wáng chū Sānjiāng àn Wǔhú, lóuchuán kuàhǎi cì Yángdū. (please add an English translation of this usage example)
( literary ) resting place
客次 ― kècì ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
六 二 :旅 即 次 ,懷 其 資 ,得 童僕 貞 。 [Pre-Classical Chinese , trad. ] 六 二 :旅 即 次 ,怀 其 资 ,得 童仆 贞 。 [Pre-Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: I Ching , 11th – 8th century BCE Liù èr: lǚ jí cì , huái qí zī, dé tóngpú zhēn. The second SIX, divided, shows the stranger, occupying his lodging-house, carrying with him his means of livelihood, and provided with good and trusty servants.
( literary ) middle
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
次 (“time (frequency)”)
Variety
Location
Words
Classical Chinese
度
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
次 , 回 , 遍
Mandarin
Taiwan
次
Malaysia
次
Singapore
次
Cantonese
Guangzhou
次
Hong Kong
次
Macau
次
Rongxian
次
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
次 , 擺
Ipoh (Guangfu)
次 , 擺
Singapore (Guangfu)
次 , 擺
Bangkok (Guangfu)
次
Betong (Rongxian)
擺
Hakka
Meixian
擺
Wuhua (Huacheng)
擺
Heyuan (Bendihua)
次
Liannan
次
Jiexi
輪
Changting
回
Wuping
下 , 到
Ninghua
回
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
擺 , 到
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
擺 , 到
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
擺 , 到
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
擺 , 到
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
擺 , 到
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
擺 , 回
Hong Kong
次
Senai (Huiyang)
擺
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
匝
Southern Min
Xiamen
擺 , 斗
Xiamen (Tong'an)
擺
Quanzhou
擺 , 斗
Anxi
擺
Zhangzhou
擺 , 斗
Zhao'an
次 , 擺
Tainan
擺 , 改 , 斗
Penang (Hokkien)
斗
Singapore (Hokkien)
擺
Manila (Hokkien)
擺
Chaozhou
匝 , 過
Jieyang
匝 , 過 , 擺
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
次 , 匝
Singapore (Teochew)
擺 , 匝
Wenchang
下 , 次
Zhongshan Min
Shaxi (Longdu)
遍
Wu
Shanghai
次 , 埭 , 趟 , 頓 , 遍 , 場 , 轉 , 下
Shanghai (Chongming)
趟 , 頓 , 場
Suzhou
趟 , 頓 , 場
Danyang
頓 , 場
Hangzhou
埭 , 趟 , 頓 , 通
Ningbo
回 , 埭 , 卯 , 遭 dated , 記
Compounds
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Definitions
次
Only used in 榆次 (Yúcì ).
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Definitions
次
Only used in 次且 .
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Definitions
次
Only used in 具次 .
Japanese
Shinjitai
次
Kyūjitai
次󠄁 次 +󠄁
? (Adobe-Japan1 )
次󠄄 次 +󠄄
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.
Kanji
次
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji )
Readings
Go-on : し ( shi , Jōyō )
Kan-on : し ( shi , Jōyō )
Kan’yō-on : じ ( ji , Jōyō )
Kun : つぎ ( tsugi , 次 , Jōyō ) ; つぐ ( tsu gu , 次ぐ , Jōyō ) ; すがい ( suga i , 次い ) ←すがひ ( suga fi , 次ひ , historical ) ; すがう ( suga u , 次う ) ←すがふ ( suga fu , 次ふ , historical ) ; すき ( su ki , 次き ) ; すく ( su ku , 次く ) ; ついで ( tsu ide , 次いで ) ; とまる ( to maru , 次まる ) ; やどる ( yado ru , 次る )
Nanori : き ( ki ) ; すき ( suki ) ; ちか ( chika ) ; つぎ ( tsugi ) ; つぐ ( tsugu ) ; ひで ( hide ) ; やどる ( yadoru ) ; よし ( yoshi )
Compounds
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 次 (MC tshijH , “in order; second”).
Less common reading in modern Japanese. Superseded in most cases by ji ; see below.
Pronunciation
Affix
次( し ) • (shi )
next , secondary
following
Usage notes
Only found in compounds.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
/si/ → /ʑi/ → /d͡ʑi/
Sound shift from shi above.
Pronunciation
Counter
次( じ ) • (-ji )
number of times: an ordinal marker
第四( だいよん ) 次( じ ) 計画( けいかく ) daiyonji keikaku the fourth plan
number in a sequence, number of aspects or dimensions
二( に ) 次( じ ) 方程式( ほうていしき ) 、三( さん ) 次( じ ) 式( しき ) niji hōteishiki, sanji shiki a quadratic equation, a third order expression
Noun
次( じ ) • (ji )
( rare ) order , sequence
Usage notes
Seldom found in isolation.
Prefix
次( じ ) • (ji- )
( attached to nouns ) the next , secondary , vice-
次( じ ) 位( い ) 、次( じ ) 長( ちょう ) jī , ji chōsecond rank, vice- director
( chemistry ) hypo- ( used to distinguish the oxidation levels of various acids )
亜( あ ) 塩( えん ) 素( そ ) 酸( さん ) 、次( じ ) 亜( あ ) 塩( えん ) 素( そ ) 酸( さん ) 、亜( あ ) 臭( しゅう ) 素( そ ) 酸( さん ) 、次( じ ) 亜( あ ) 臭( しゅう ) 素( そ ) 酸( さん ) aenso san, ji aenso san, ashūso san, ji ashūso san chlorous acid, hypo chlorous acid, bromous acid, hypo bromous acid
Etymology 3
Nominalization of the 連用形 ( ren'yōkei , “ continuative or stem form ” ) of Old Japanese -derived verb 次ぐ ( tsugu , “ to be in a sequence; to follow, to continue from something, to be next; to connect, to join ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
次( つぎ ) • (tsugi )
next , order , sequence , below
子( こ ) 供( ども ) たちは次( つぎ ) のように述( の ) べています。Kodomotachi wa tsugi no yō ni nobeteimasu. The children said as follows .
From the Emacs tutorial (English )
では C-v( Cv ) (次( つぎ ) の画面( がめん ) を見( み ) る)をタイプして次( つぎ ) の画面( がめん ) に進( すす ) んで下( くだ ) さい。(さあ、やってみましょう。コントロールキーを押( お ) しながら v です) De wa C-v (tsugi no gamen o miru) o taipu shite tsugi no gamen ni susunde kudasai.(Sā, yattemimashō. Kontorōrukī o oshinagara v desu) Now type C-v (View next screen) to move to the next screen. (go ahead, do it by depressing the control key and v together)
Etymology 4
Nominalization of the 連用形 ( ren'yōkei , “ continuative or stem form ” ) of Old Japanese -derived verb 次く ( suku , “ to follow, to continue from something, to be next; ” ) .
The verb form was obsolete even in olden times. Existence of the verb, possibly related to tsugu mentioned above, is inferred from placenames found in the Man'yōshū and other ancient poetry.
Pronunciation
Noun
次( すき ) • (suki )
( Shinto ) at the 大嘗祭 ( Daijōsai ) and other major Shintō ceremonies, refers to the group of regional representatives making offerings of sake and grain , who do so after the initial offering
Etymology 5
/tuɡite/ → /tuide/
Sound shift from 次第 ( tsugite , “ order, sequence ” ) , itself originally the 連用形 ( ren'yōkei , “ continuative or stem form ” ) of now-obsolete Old Japanese -derived verb 継ぎつ ( tsugitsu , “ to do things in sequence, to establish an order ” ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
次( ついで ) • (tsuide )
order , sequence
follower , successor ; the next thing in a sequence
a good opportunity to do something; doing something incidental to something else
Usage notes
The good opportunity sense is more often encountered as 序( つい ) でに ( tsuide ni ) .
References
^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914 ) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō : Kōbunsha, →DOI , page 1185 (paper), page 643 (digital)
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Shōgaku Tosho (1988 ) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition) ] (in Japanese), Tōkyō : Shogakukan , →ISBN
↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō : Sanseidō , →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
次 (eumhun 버금 차 ( beogeum cha ) )
Hanja form? of 차 ( “ second ; next ” ) .
Vietnamese
Han character
次 : Hán Việt readings: thứ (七 ( thất ) 四 ( tứ ) 切 ( thiết ) ) , tư
次 : Nôm readings: thớ , thứ , thứa , khứa
chữ Hán form of thứ ( “ inferior in quality ; order , rank , sequence ” ) .
Nôm form of thớ ( “ This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
. ” ) .
Nôm form of thứa ( “ This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
. ” ) .
Compounds
References